ENGLISH LANGUAGE - LEXIS AND SEMANTICS

Provide a Definition/Example for the following:

Conjunction...

Preposition...

Pronoun...

Personal Pronouns...

Possessive Pronoun...

Reflexive Pronoun...

Demonstrative Pronoun...

Relative Pronoun...

Links words, phrases and clauses together - e.g. and, but, or, although, becasuse

Shows relation in terms of time or place - e.g. in, at, by, on

Replaces noun, can also refer backwards and forwards to them - e.g. I, me, you

I, you, she, they

My, his, our, their

Myself, Himself, themselves

this, that, these, those

who, whom, which

Provide a definition/Example for the following:

Proper noun...

Abstract noun...

Concrete noun...

Material Verb process...

Relational Verb process...

Mental Verb process...

Dynamic Verb process...

Stative Verb process...

Refers to names, people or places - e.g. London, Paris

Refers to states, feelings and concepts that have no physical existence - e.g. pain

Refers to objects that have a physical existence - e.g. table, bed

Describe actions or events - e.g. hit, run, eat, push

Describe states of being - e.g. be, appear, seem, become

Describe perception, though/speech - e.g. think, speak, believe, love

Process where there is a change in state over time - e.g. paint, remove, eat

Process where the situation remains constant - e.g. love, hold, believe

Base Form...

Comparative...

Superlative...

(Lexical connector) - Addition...

(Lexical connector) - Consequence...

(Lexical connector) - Comparative...

(Lexical connector) - Temporal...

(Lexical connector) - Enumeration...

(Lexical connector) - Summative...

The simple form of an adjective - e.g. small

adjectives inflected with 'er' or combined with more - e.g. smaller

adjectives inflected with 'est' or combined with most - e.g. smallest

and, also, too, in addition, furthermore

so, therefore, thus, as a result, consequently

later, next, now, soon, afterwards

firstly, then, finally

in conclusion, on the whole, with all things considered

Provide a definition for the following:

Anaphoric referencing...

Cataphoric referencing...

Substitution...

Ellipsis...

Connotation...

Synonymy...

Antonymy...

Referencing back to an already stated lexical item - e.g. The Prime Minister spent his last day in office.

Referencing forwards to an as yet undisclosed lexical item - e.g. I believe him. Tony would never lie.

Replacing for one set of lexical item for another - e.g. 'drinks' / 'beverages'

the missing out of a word/words in a sentence

an associated symbolic meaning relying on culturally shared conventions

Words with very similar semantic value - e.g. man, bloke, guy, dude

words with opposite semantic value - e.g. love, hate

Provide a definition for the following:

Euphemism...

Dysphemism...

Hyponymy...

Subordinate...

Superordinate...

Under-specificity...

Over-specificity...

Conceptual metaphor...