Geography - Globalisation

Economic Globalisation:

• The growth of TNCs accelarated the cross border exchanges.
• ICT supports the growth of complex spatial division of labour.
• The growth online purchasing.

Social Globalisation:

• International immigration has creaed extensive family networks across national borders.
• Improved life expectancy and litracy levels.
• Social interconnectives has grown through social media.

Political Globalisation:

• The growth of trading blocs reduces the amount of trading tariffs and restrictions.
• Global concerns such as free trade, crunch credits and global responces to crisis.
• The World Bank, IMF and WTO work internationally to harmonise national economics.

Cultural Globalisation:

• Western cultural traits come to dominate in some territories.
• Globalisation and hybridisation are a consequence of old local cultur merging with new global influences.
• The circulation of information has accelarated thanks to 24 hour reporting.

Capital:

• Major capital flows are through the world's stock markets on a global sacle.
• In 2013 the volume of these foreign exchange transactions reached US$ 5 trillion per day.

Commodities:

• Valuable raw materials have always been traded between nations.
• Flows of manufactured goods have multiplied in size in the recent years, especially due to low production costs in countries such as China.

Information:

• The internet has brought real time communication between long distance places.
• Social networks have increased dreamatically in size.
• On demand TV has increased datausage further.

Tourists:

• Budget airlnes have brought an increase in air travel with manageable budget.
• Increasing number of people from developing countries are also traveling abroad as well.

Migrants:

• The permenant movement of people still faces the greatest number of obstecles due to governmental restrictions world wide.
• As a result most governments try to embrace trade but attempt to ressit migrant flows.

Steam Power:

• In the 1800s Britain became the leading world power using steam power.
• Steam ships and trans moved goods and armies much faster.

Railways:

• In the 1800s, railway networks expanded globally.
• Even today railway building remains a priority for gevernments.

Jet Aircrafts:

• The intercontinental Boeing 747 in the 1960s made international traver much more common.
• The expansin of the cheaper airlines has allowed more people to be able to travel.

Container Shipping;

• About 200 million individual container movements take place each year.
• Shipping is named as the backbone of the global economy since the 1950s.

• Founded in 1995.
• Most major European cities can now be navigated by easyjets cheap flight networks.
• Easyjet started with just 2 airctafts and by 2014 the company owns about 200 aeroplans.
• In 1995 it carried around 30,000 passengers and in 2014 that has increased to about 65 million passengers.
• The company now also has many international flights to places such as Egypt, Morocco and Turkey.