GEOGRAPHY CASE STUDIES

-granny police-women had one child
                    -trust issues
                    -reported to local authorities

-boys-dominant
        -50 mill more men
        -couldn't marry
        -lack of females

-no siblings-spoilt
                -bad social skills
                -obese
                -little emperors

-permission-put off having more than one

-prevented 240 million births

-soil restored(cadmium)-creates parks
                                 -wildlife comes back (ecology park)
                                 -for residents to enjoy

-public transport difficult-North Greenwich Tube Station
                                  -cable car (emirates air line)

-previously bullet factories-new primary school(Millennium Primary)
                                     -better education for all in future-jobs

300 cycle racks in centre-easy travel

multiplier effect-jobs for residents
                      -tackled unemployment
                      -less skilled gain skill
                      -Baby Cow -Damson's

New residents with cars-traffic around salford quays
                                  -pollution

Increase disposible income-L-£1 mill
                                       S-£400,000
                                       save to improve QOL

at home-limited free health care
             pay private
             expensive

came with children to Peterborough-more schools needed
                                                  -pay for interpretors

earning-send money home
           -improve QOL
           -3.5 times lower at home

Between 2004-2007-430,000 came
                             -housing shortages more severe

previously industry-brownfield
                          -need regeneration

transport-roads improved(50km added
             -metrolink extended to reach more areas(media city)
             -access to T centre

environment-ecology park
                  -trees planted
                  -clean water-toxic polluted sludge
                  -now swim (triathlons)

recreation-open water swimming(opposite lowry)
              -lazer quest in trafford centre
              -ski cetre -chill factor

Causes-variations in sea water temp-drove strom to coast of myanmar
                                                    -landfall- Irrawaddy Delta Region 
                                                    -Wind speeds - 217kph

Impacts- approx - 140,000 left dead
                          psycological stress
                         -contaminated water-water borne diseases
                         -cholera + typhoid

Responce-stopped journalists-could increase help
               -aid refused-air support from naval helicopters abord 4 us ships-gulf of thailand

Recovery-red cross-built new houses-better bracing-stronger
           -cash for work-roads rebuilt by locals(improve transportation)-$2 a day-buy food etc
           -trained volunteers-recover from psycological trauma

Causes- very low pressure winds-strengthened tropical storm-hurricane
             - storm intensified-warm water of gulf of mexico-made landfall eastern edge of                    new orleans

Impacts- Levee breaches-17th street canal levee-80% was under under 3m of water
            -  flood water mixed with sewage-health risks

Responce- madatory curfew and enforced evacuation took place
              - 58,000 soldiers were deployed to deal with the aftermath
              -FEMA provided housing assistance(trailers etc) to more than 700,000 applicants
               (only 1/5 deployed therefore housing shortages)

Recovery- new levees built-taller and stronger
              -restore wetlad coastal marshes-natural flood barrier -most effective and                              sustainable

Impacts- Omayra Sanchez - trapped for 3 nights in pain - hypothermia - died
           -  as mud receded- dead bodies visible - psycological distress
           -  people unable to drink water-contaminated by volcano debris and lahars-                           dehydration

Difficult to prepare for future- enormous loss of money( $7.7 billion)
                                        - cannot be used for future prevention

Causes of death toll-has no equipment or experts to moitor volcano-didnt know to react
                            -other than red cross-no serious attempts of evacuation took place

Responce etc-relied of forgein help(doctors from japan,medical supplies from france etc)
                   -educate children in schools-know what to do in future-possibly prevented in                       future

Causes- San Andreas Fault-plate movement created small faults then sudden movement
          - beneath San Fernando Valley-focus directly below northridge

Impacts- 57 killed-9000 injured-hospitals on call
           - 170 bridges damaged-transport stopped
           - fire-broken gas pipes-devastated area of trailer homes in san fernando valley
           -no loss of life

reduce lol- full sized buildings tested on shake table to impove design-more money
              -school visits-educate people -keep survival kits

Location influence- greenfield site-beautiful surroundings-pleasent place to work so more                               want to work there

-close to univeristy-research teams- can access emerging talent and people with great skill

-room to expand - more businesses -more groups to share ideas (eg. bayer,oracle)

-close to M11 (access to london and airports(gatwick) - can recieve raw materials etc

Benefits to Vietnam- pays higher wages that other companies-more to pay for food etc
                             -better QOL ($54 a month-3x min wage)
                             -pay taxes-to vietnamese government-infrastructure
                             (350,000 workers all together-over 34 factories)
                              -multiplier effect-other companies attracted to area-more work
                              -decrease unemployment

Negatives to Vietnam- if wages rise then nike ca switch locatio which results in unemployment                                  - found to use child labour-taking advantage-increase deaths-exploit
                               -company image can dilute local culture

Benefits to nike etc- low wages and area increases profits-have more factories-increasing sales
                           -customers can buy items for relatively cheap
                           - workers get generous pay-disposible income

Effects on local area- get a job-ew skill-better alternative-experience for future
                             - money can be used to give children education-get jobs in future-                                            opportunaties
                             - afford doctor-pay for basic medicine- prevent disease

Air pollution-high concetration of factories-cars-laws are weak-acid rain(2/3rds of guangdongs                       21 cities affected in 2007)
                 -poison fish
                 -smog-forced to wear masks(Hong Kong) -asthma
                 -families leave city

Soil Contamination-hunan province-cadmium in farmland-ruins crops-infertile-damage                                           livelihoods

Deforestation- exploited areas-deforestation-increase in soil erosion-increase risk of flooding

Management- higher sewage treatment charges
                   - stricter pollution regulations on factories-less likely to pollute-decrease impact by                          factories (top dragon co. ltd)
                   -tougher national regulations on vehicle emissions
                   -$96 mill loan to build 30 water treatment plants 

Primary-warm temp,adequate rainfall-many opportunaties for farming
           - large deposits of bauxite and iron ore -mining is significant

Secondary- has best developed rail and road networks-transporting
               - plentiful skilled labour supply-considerable investment in educational faclities
               -access to raw materials-efficient resources for work

Tertiary- Sao Paulo-largest financial centre-home to banks/HQ etc
            (BARCLAYS, BANK OF AMERICA)
          -relative weath-many shops and restaurants-employ thousands of people
           (BARRA CENTRE)

Quarternary- Aerospace Technical Centre-research,teaching,development in aviation
                 -largest aircraft manufacturers located here-largest export category (EMBRAER)

Key features-composting toilets-do not need water -waste ca be used to fertalise crops
    -hygiene education-soap making-earn money and gain skill-encourage good hygiene
    -tap/pumps-help built by locals-can repair them selves-made by simple materials that
     can be found in Mali

Hawa Dagnan-now doesnt have to fetch water
                     has time to run kiosk and can grow maize-earn more more
                     -used for health food and education