Engineering revision

Health & safety Commission (HSC)

Considers policy on behalf of the government

Health & safety Executive (HSE)

Advises the HSC on the shaping of policy and is responsible for its implementation.

Employees duties include:

• Taking reasonable care for their own health & safety and that others who may be affected by taking actions
• Correctly using work items provided by their employer, including personal protective equipment (PPE)
• Using anything provided for health, safety and correctly

Employers duties include:

• Ensure the workplace is safe and without risks to health by assessing risks
• Ensure plant (heavy) and machinery are safe and that safe procedures of work are set and followed
• Ensure articles and substances are moved, stored and used safely by providing correct equipment and training
• Provide adequate welfare facilities including first aid arrangments
• Provide the information, instruction, training and supervision necessary for personnel health & safety
• Make sure that work equipment is suitable for intended use, and that it is properly maintained and used
• Ensure that approriate safety signs are provided and maintained

Control of Substances Hardous to Health (COSHH)

HSE guidance states 8 steps to pomply with COSHH regulations:

• Assess the risks
• Decide on the precautions to take
• Prevent or adequately control exposure
• Ensure control measures are used
• Accurately monitor
• carry out appropriate health checking
• Prepare accident, incident and emergency procedures
• Ensure all employees are properly informed, trained and supervised

HSE guidance describes 5 steps to carry out a risk assessment:

• Identify the hazards
• Identify who might be harmed and the nature of the harm
• Evaluate risks and decide on control measures
• Record findings and implement actions
• Set a fixed period for review of risk assessment and update if necessary

Hazardous substances include:

• Adhesives, paints, cleaning materials and developing materials
• Those that are used during work
• Also those that are created as a result of work e.g. fumes
• Also air borne particles e.g. dust

Colour associations

• Red - aggressive, passion, strong and heavy, danger socialism, heat
• Blue - comfort, loyalty and sercurity, for boys, sea, sky, peace and tranquilly, cold
• Yellow - caution, spring and brightness, joy, cowardice, sunlight
• Green - money, health, jealousy, greed, food and nature, inexperience
• Brown - nature, aged and eccentric, rustic, soils and earth, heaviness
• Orange - warmth, excitment and energy, religion, fire, gaudiness
• Pink - soft, healty, childlike and feminine, graditude, sympathy
• Purple - royalty, sophistication and religion, creativity, wisdom
• Black - dramatic, classy and serious, morden evil, mourning
• Grey - business, cold and distinctive, humility, neutrality
• White - clean, pure and simple, innocence, elegance

The Golden Number

Fibonacci series

0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, ...

• 1/1 = 1
• 2/1 = 2
• 3/2 = 1.5
• 5/3 = 1.6666...
• 8/5 = 1.6
• 13/8 = 1.625
• 21/13 = 1.61938...
• 34/21 = 1.61904...

1.618 033 988 ...

Sale of goods act 1979

• Goods must conform to the description given
• Goods must be of a satisfactory quality
• Goods must be fit for purpose and free from defects
• Sellers responsibility if goods don't meet standards
• Purchasers have the right to request their money back
• Repair or replacement can be requested
• If not then the customer can request partial refund

Trade description act 1968

• False or misleading description which effects the use of goods is and offence
• False or misleading description when goods are supplied is an offence
• £5000 per offence in a Magistrates court, Unlimited fine in a Crown court and/or 2 years in prison
• Traders may lose their consumer credit licence

BSI British Standards

• Specification
• Methods
• Guides
• Vocabularies
• Codes of practice

Standards help companies to:

• Attract and assure customers that products are safe and fit for purpose
• Demonstrate market leadership, creating a competitive advantage
• Continue to develop and maintain best practice

CE refers to safety not quality, without it products can't be sold in the EU, Norway, Ice and Liechtenstein

Intellectual Property (IP)

All kinds of intangible (not phisical), design ieas, written material, artistic and musical composition.

• Design right
• Registered designs
• Patents
• Trademarks
• Copyright

Design right

Rights of the creator of design(s)

• unregistered design rights protect the shape of a product
• Design rights can be bought, sold or licensed
• Only protected in the UK
• They last ten years

Registered designs

Appearance of the product: shape and pattern/decoration.

• Visual features
• Original
• Every five years

Patents

Function aspects: how it works, how it is made and made from.

• Allowing others to make copies, selling copies and offering copies for sale
• 20 years
• Must be new and inventive
• Cannot be: scientific or mathmatical, literary or dramatic, musical or artisitc, an animal or plant

Trademarks

Individual identity in the form of a word, name, song, symbol, logo, slogan, domain name, shape or sound.

• Distinctive, not deceptive, morally acceptable
• Renewed every 10 years
• ® means that a trademark is registered
• TM means that a trademark isn't registered

Copyright

The right to copy an original creation whilst protecting the rights of the creator

• Literature, manuals, computer programs, song lyrics, works of art, photographs, dance, drama and music
• Copyright applies to any type of medium.
• The © symbol is required in some foreign countries