Harvey
In 1603, the valves in veins were discovered by Geronimo Fabricus.
William Harvery (1573-1657) studied at Padua under Fabricus until 1602.
Harvey did comparitive studies on animals and humans, and also dissected animals to find out about how the heart worked. He then began to apply his findings to humans.
As a result of these findings, he was able to prove that Galen was wrong about blood passing through the circulation of the blood. He also identified the different between veins and arteries.
Harvery also showed how the heart acts as a pump and passes blood through the lungs.
These discoveries were an important turning point in the dvelopment of anatomy. However, they didn't really change surgery or medical treatment in general.
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