A scalar quantity only has magnitude.A vector quantity has magnitude and direction.
Scalar quantities
distance
speed
mass
volume
energy
power
Vector quantities
displacement
velocity
acceleration
force
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Equations of Motion
Quantities
s= displacement or distance
u= initial velocity or speed
v= final velocity or speed
a= acceleration
t= time taken
Equations for uniform acceleration
v=u+at
s=ut+1/2 a t^2
v^2= u^2 +2as
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Making Graphs of Motion
Making graphs of motion
Motion can be represented using graphs. Data can be collected using a motion sensor or light gates. This setup records displacement at regular intervals, and can be used to create displacement against time or velocity against time graphs.
Key words
Both methods will eliminate human error, so time or displacement will be measured more accurately. They also allow greater precision than stopwatches.The data will have improved validity and reliability.
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Using Graphs of Motion
Displacement-time graphs
The line is straight if object is moving with constant velocity. A curve shows that the object is accelerating.
Gradient of a displacement-time graph is change in displacement/change in time = velocity
Velocity-time graphs
Gradient of a velocity-time graph is the change in velocity/change in time = acceleration
The area under a velocity-time graph is the displacement.
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