Mycology

Eukaryotic

Heterotrophs- any carbonaceous substrate  

Multi celluar

Non motile 

Sexual and Asexual reproduction 

Recycle dead plant material 

Absorptive Nutrition (Heterotrophic)

Secrete hydrolytic enzymes & acids and absorb byproducts 

SAPROPHYTE- dead organic material 

PARISITIC- cells of living hosts 

MUTUALISTIC- cells of living host but benefit the host 

Yeast UNICELLULAR 

Asexual reproduction- Budding & Sexual- Asci or Basidia

S. cerevisiae ---> candida 

Mass of HYPHAE (basic structural unit) that makes up 1 individual fungus- MYCELIUM 

Hyphae-

• Septate: divided into cells by cross walls- septa
• Aseptate: no cross walls- coenocytic
• Modified: haustoria in parisitic fungi- penetrate host tissues, remain outside membrane 

Tubular (SA) cell walls- CHITIN

Most Diploid 

ASEXUAL- Sporangiophores: upright stalk, enclosed sac 

• Conidia: upright stalk, no enclosed sac (penicillin)
• Fragmentation: hyphae dry out & shatter releasing individual cells 
• Budding

Spreading Spores

• Shoot in the air
• Animals, water, wind

ZYGOMYCOTA (Z is like a line of thread)

• Thread like (bread mould)
• Aseptate hyphae 
• Sexual reproduction- Conjugation hyphae from 2 different strains

BASIDIOMYCOTA (basil and mushroom cooking)

• Sepatate hyphae
• Sexual reproduction- reproductive structure basidiocarp (mushroom), basidiospores produced on basidia (edges of gills)

ASCOMYCOTA 

• Largest (Royal Ascot)
• Asci reproductive sacs, produce ascospores- ascus ruptures, released into air
• e.g. yeast, mildews 

DEUTEROMYCOTA

• 'Imperfect fungi' (deutero- dirty)
• No sexual cycle observed
• e.g athletes foot, ring worm, penicillium 

SYMBIOSIS- ALGAE WITH FUNGAL HYPHAE

Alga- fixes nitrogen, food

Fungus- env. for growth, absorbs minerals, prevent predation

REPRODUCTION 

fungi sexually, alga asexually

symbiotic units asexually- fragmentation of parent--> soredia (hyphae with embedded algae) 

Surfaces as not invasive 

Systemic-

usually soil fungi 

immunocompromised hosts