paper two ICT

1. keywords

-Networks is when 2 or more computers are connected together

-LAN/Local Area Networks operate over a small area, e.g building or a group of buildings.

-WAN/Wide Area Networks operate over large areas e.g the world

1. Advantages of Networks

-File sharing allows staff to share a file that has been created by other staff.

-File access means that all users can log onto and work from any computer on the LAN.

-System backups are easier to control since they can be carried out from the main file server.

1. communication devices

-100/10 switch; Ethernet cable switch that senses the speed of the device it connects with.

-Network interface card; connect computer to the network.

-Hub; connects many ethernet cable type devices.

-Switches; connects device to a single unit but it only sends info to one adress only.

-WiFi router; wireless access point and provides networkacess for a range of WiFi devices.

2. sytems software

-Network software; sets up and conrtols LANs

-Operating system; preforms functions such as the input and output of data.

-Backup software; creates copies of each data entry.

-Utillity programmes; virus protextion with automatic updates of virus definitions.

2. applications software

-Web browser; internet research.

-Email; communication software with patients by post, creation of financial reports and invoices.

-Spreadsheets; Financial calculations using a spreadsheet.

2. electronic patient records

Advantages

-Improved data integrity; no duplication of data.

-Sharing; authorised users cxan acess the same record at the same time.

-Confidentiallity; improved by setting up passwrods and access rights.

-Backups; copies can be held so that the system can be recoverd

Disadvantages

-Time consuming to set up; complex systems has to be designed and developed by experts.

-Start-up costs are high; hardware and software need to be purchased.

-Training is needed for all staff.

2. key terms

-Electronic health record; network based software package that groups entire patient histopry in one easy access file.

-Database; collection of information stored and organised.

-Relational Database; patient data contained in multiple tables linked together using primary key in one and the foreign key in the other.

-Primarykey; unique identifier such as the patient number that can be used to identify each record in a database.

3. key terms.

-Static web content; includes general info but cant directly communicate with the website.

-Dynamic web content; patient can request data from the website or log on to the system to make/check appointment times/dates.

3. benefits

Hospital

-Online communication more efficient.

-Promotes paper-free approach.

Patients

-Can communicate with the hospital 24/7

-Doesnt hace to spend a long time in phone queues.

3. use of social media

-Social bookmarking; bookmarks stored online and shared with others over the internet.

-RSS feeds used to keep up to date with the latest changes.

-Embedding videos into a blod or website.

3. website accessibility

website accessibillity aims to make the content usable for a wide ranging audience.

-Hearing; captions can be used to preplace audio.

-Visual; website reader and tags can be included.

-Physical; key board navigation can be used.

-Cognitive; consistent, intuitive and straightforward to understand.

4. telepresence technologies

make use of intricate HD video technologies to give uers the impressiopn of being in the same location.

-Remote surgery;where a doctory xab preform surgery on a patient in a different location.

Uses

-Evaluate and diagnose patients.

-Treat and manage chronic conditions.

-Monitor discharged patients.

Benefits

-Patients in remote areas can get treatment they need.

-Patients are treated sooner.

-Patients can make use if equiptment at home.

4. key trems

-Expert system; computer apps that use a knowlande database to give advice rather than a human.

-Radiography; low-cost approach to produce a 2D xray image.

-CT and MRI scanner; produce many 2D images put together to make 2d images put together to make a 3D image

-Ultrasound; uses soundwaves to create images of soft tissue.

-Keyhole surgery; used to operate on patients using a minature camera and small surgical instruments.

5. key terms

-Sensors are used to detect physical quantaties.

-Biosensors are used to detect the presence of various chemicals in a substance.

-Data logging is where a ICT system collects and stores data at predetermined intervals.

5. types of sensors

-Pressure sensors; used for blood pressure monitoring and  kidney dialysis.

-Biosesors; used for testing blood sugar, cholesterol and pregnancy tests.

-Image sensors; for external ovservation and radiography.

6. key terms

-WiFi permits wireless connections between electronic devices to share data or access the internet.

-Bluetooth permits wireless connection between electronic devices over short distances.

-Infared operares a short range cannot penetrate through walls.

6. handbag devices

-MiTag; clips onto patient finger to monitor the vital signs.

-Blood pressure sensors on a smartphone; bphone connects to monitor and sends results to the network.

-Tablet computers; view files and access medical and treatment information.

7. key terms

home/teleworking is the process where they work from home using ICT.

7. hardware

-Computing device

-Webcam and microphone

-Printers

-Internet connection

-Comminication equiptment

7. software

-Hospital-specific software

-Web browser

-Email

-General office software

-Adobe PDF reader.

7. advantages and disadvantages

Advantages

-Solves problems with skills shortage

-Doctors and consultants can be contacted to give advice without needing to travel.

-Staff can work when childeren are ill and off school.

Disadvantages

-Difficulty holding and organising meetings.

-Security risks.

-Difficult to maintain ICT equiptment.

8. biometrics

-Rexognition if individual by a unique physiological or behavioural charescteristis

examples;

-Palm print recognition.

-Finger print scanning.

-Iris scanning.

8. advantages and disadvantagesof biometrics

Advantages

- More reliable than yraditional methods.

-Cannot be lost or copied.

-No need to remember codes or passwords.

Disadvantages

-indiciduals concerned for security reasons.

-Not totally reliable

-Some techniques are affected by ambient conditions.

8. physical security

-Kecurity cameras

-Key cards and number locks

-Security guards

-backup tapes

8. software security

-User access permissions

-User access passwords

- Encryption

-Virus protection

9. entertainment technology

-TV

-Radio

-Internet

-Films

-Email

-Audiobooks

-Gaming

-Telephone

9. benefits

-Noise level cut down (headphones)

-Patients can control theor own entertainment.

-Patients have a wide vierity of entertainment choice.

10. paper-free organisation

-Save files on network so everyone can use them.

-invest in equiptment that automatically saves test results.

-Scan paper documents and save them on the network

10. benefits

-Cost saving as printers and ink dont need to be purchased as often.

-Easier to access files on computing devices.

-Patient info can be faved in one easy access file.

10. electronic signs

-Direction signs.

-Digital posters.

-Info for menus and promotions.