Sociology
- Created by: bushra mehnaz
- Created on: 29-04-13 21:17
Bias
Where the views of the researcher affect the research
Causal relationships
The relationship between the two social events
One causing the other
• Generalizability
Where sociologists study a representative of the population as a whole, then they will be able to make generalizations about the whole society.
• Hypothesis
A study of testing cause and effect relationships
• Methodology
The process of undertaking research using appropriate sociological methods
• Objective
The researchers’ values don’t affect their work/Unbiased
• Primary data
Information gained by the sociologist themselves
Positivism
An approach that looks at the whole of the society when studying it
likes 100% facts and statistics
qualititative data
Information gained from a range of sources,but not statistical
quantitative data
statistical information
Triangulation
Term often used to describe the use of multiple methods
Verstehen
Empathy - german word
Secondry data
Information obtained from sources or using other research
Reliability
repeatable if the same research can be repeated and produces the same results
validity
data which gives the true picture of the subject being studided
representativeness
study of a cross section of the population which is genralised about
interpretive approcah
sociological theories that study the ways in which indviduals see society
cluster sampling
The researcher selects a seris of different places and then choses a sample at random within the cluster of people within that area.
Comparative method
A comparison accross countries or culture - sociological version of an experiment
cross-sectional survey /snap shot survey/social su
A survey conducted at one time with no attempt to follow up the people surveyed over a long time.
Experiment
A highly controlled situation where the researcher trys to isolate the influence of each variable.
Field experiment
An experiment takn in an community rather than an controlled environment
Longitudanal survey
A survey carried out over a long amount of years on the same group
Rappoport
A realationship of empathy and trust
Pilot study
Draft/practise run
Quota sample
where a representative sample of the population is chosen using known characteristics of the population.
Random sampling
A representative sample of the population
Sampling frame
A list used as the source of a random sample
Snowball sampling
Where a sample is ganied using a series of personal contact.
Stratified Sample
where the study of the population is divided according to different stratification eg: gender/ethnicity/social class
Survey
A large scale piece of quantiative research aiming to make general statements about a particular population.
Systematic sample
where every 10th name is chosen
Theoratical sample
Where a untypical sample of the population is chosen to show a particular theory.
Closed questions
specific reply
yes/no
Open questions
Allows respondents to express themselves
Coding
Questionnaire replies are given a number or code making it easier for the researcher to construct.
Interviewer Bias
The influence of the interviewer on the way the respondents replies
Operationalizing concepts
The process of defining concepts in a way which makes them measurable
Structured Interviews
Where the questions are given in a particular order,no explaination or elaboration is allowed from the interviewer.
Unstructured interviews
When the interviewer is allowed to explain and elaborate on questions
Semi structured interview
using the same qusetions open or closed but the researcher can ask the respondedent to elaborate on certain anwsers.
Covert
under Cover
Overt
The participant knows
Graded questions
Respondents are asked to grade/rate thier anwser of how much they agree with the qusetions.
Control Group
A group of participants in a experiment,they are being examined and monitored under a controlled group.
Control Group
A group of participants in a experiment,they are being examined and monitored under a controlled group.
Experimental group
A group of researchers, measuring and recording any changes they observe
Survey
A selection from the research of the population
Standardise data
Data which is not random and ha a frame work
Response rate
The number of participants responding or agree to the interview
Methodology
The process of undertaking reserch using appropriate sociological methods
Media Content Analysis
MCA is the deconstruction of pieces of media with a tendency towards either qualitative or quantitative reserch methods.
Mass media
Methods of communication which is shown to a massive amount of people.
Comments
No comments have yet been made