Spanish Verb Conjugations

Usage:

• same usage a English present tense to express what is happening at the present time and what happens regularly

Formation: 

• following endings are added to the stem of the verb
• -ar: -o, -as, -a, -amos, -áis, -an
• -er: -o, -es, -e, -emos, -éis, -en
• -ir: -o, -es, -e, -imos,  -ís, -en

Dar: doy, das, da, damos, dáis, dan
Decir: digo, dices, dice, decimos, decís, dicen
Estar: estoy, estás, está, estamos, estáis, estan
Haber: he, has, ha, hemos, habéis, han
Hacer: hago, haces, hace, hacemos, hacéis, hacen
Ir: voy, vas, va, vamos, váis, van
Oír: oígo, oyes, oye, oímos, oís, oyen
Poner: pongo, pones, pone, ponemos, ponéis, ponen
Saber: sé, sabes, sabe, sabemos, sabéis, saben
Salir: salgo, sales, sale, salimos, salís, salen
Ser: soy, eres, es, somos, sois, son
Tener: tengo, tienes, tiene, tenemos, tenéis, tienen
Venir: vengo, vienes, viene, venimos, venís, vienen
Ver: veo, ves, ve, vemos, veis, ven 

Usage:

• very similar to the "simple past" in English
• uses one word to describe a single completed action

Formation:

• same stem as for the present tense
• following endings are added to the stem of the verb
• -ar:  é, aste, ό, ámos, astais, aron
• -er:  í, iste, iό, imos, isteis, ieron\

"Ser" and "Ir" have the same form in the pretirite

Context is used to work out which verb is being used

Ser/Fui: fui, fuise, fue, fuimos, fuisteis, fueron

Other irregulars: tener, estar

tener: tuve, tuviste, tuvo, tuvimos, tuvisteis, tuvieron
estar: estuve, estuviste, estuvo, estuvimos, estuvisteis, estuvieron

Decir, Conducir

Decir: dije, dijiste, dijo, dijimos, dijisteis, dijeron
Conducir: conduje, condujiste, condujo, condujimos, condujisteis, codujeron 

Usage:

• to describe what somaething was like in the past i.e descriptions
• to say what someone or something used to do
• to describe an ongoing action in the past

Formation:

• following endings are added to the stem of the verb
• the endings for -er and -ir verbs are the same
• -ar: -aba, -abas, -aba, ábamos, abais, aban
• -er/-ir:  -ía, -ías, -ía, -íamos, -íais, -ían
  
  

Ser: era, eras, era, éramos, erais, eran
Ir: iba, ibas, iba, ibamos, ibais, iban
Ver: veía, veías, veía, veíamos, veíais, veían

Usage:

• as in English, perfect tense describes an action in the immediate past
• action is still relevant to the ongoing situation
  
  

Formation:

• made up of 2 parts
• part 1: present tense of the auxiliary verb haber
• part 2: the past participle
• regular past participle formation: take off the ending and add -ado for -ar verbs, and     -ido for -er and -ir verbs

Usage:

• Compound tense used to talk about what "had" happened

Formation:

• made up of 2 parts
• part 1: imperfect tense of the auxiliary verb haber
• part 2: the past participle 

Usage:

• to talk about the near future
• something that "is going to" happen

Formation:

• made up of 3 parts
• part 1: present tense of auxiliary verb "ir"
• part 2: "a"
• part 3: the infinitive 

Usage:

• used to make predictions and statements about the future
• when it is used, tone is more formal than the immediate future

Formation of regular verbs:

• most verbs have a regular future tense
• endings are added to the infintitive
• same endings for all 3 conjugations
• -ar/-ir/-er: é, ás, á, emos, éis, án

Some verbs have an irregular future stem

Decir: dir-
Hacer: har-
Poder: podr-
Poner: pondr-
Querer: querr-
Saber: sabr-
Salir: saldr-
Tener: tendr-
Venir: vendr-
Caber: cabr-
Valer: valdr- 

Usage:

• used to talk aout what would happen/how something would be
• conditional of deber is used with an infinitive to talk about what someone ought/should do
• conditional of poder is used to describe what someone could do

Formation:

• future tense stem with the conditional endings
• endings are the same for all 3 conjugations
• -ar/-ir/-er:  ía, ías, ía, íamos, íais, ían

Usage:

• sometimes known as "moods"
• used to convey speaker's attitude to the action described
• used after verbal expresions that convey wishes, advice, reuests that smoeone else should do something
• after verbal expressions that convey joy, hope, sorrow, anger, fear and other emotional reactions
• after verbal expressions that convey doubt, uncertainty, possibility, probability 
• after conjunctions that imply intention that something should happen or conditions for something to happen
• after cuando or hasta que when referring to the future
• in some forms of the imperative

Formation:

• take "yo" form of present tense of the verb
• replace "o" ending with following endings
• endings for -er, and -ir are the same
• ar: e, es, e, emos,  éis, en
• er/ir: a, as, a, amos, áis, an