Topic 5- Organisation: School, Home and evironment

Topic 5- Organisation: School, Home and evironment

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Topic 5- Organisation:School, Home and Environment

School registration system

  • Used to record attendance
  • Used for health and safety- who is in the buliding and who isn't
  • Used to discoutage truancy
  • Used to provide statistics to be used in comparisons with other schools

Old paper-based system

  • Used paper registers
  • Teachers record marks next to students
  • Recorded twice a day (i.e., morning and afternoon)
  • Marks added up manually by form teacher

Disadvantages of manual methos for registration

  • Registers were often left unattended, which meant student could easily alter the register
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Topic 5- Organisation:School, Home and Environment

  • Mistakes in register entries meant registers were hard to understand
  • Statistics for attendance tended only to be produced each term
  • Teachers were responsible for the accuracy of the registers
  • Students could register themselves adn then play truant by not attening the lessons

Computer-based methods of registration

Features include:

  • Capturing students attendance automatically
  • Very fast recording of attendance details
  • Avoiding the misuse of the system as far as possible
  • Enabling not only morning and afternoon attendance to be recorded but also attendance at each lesson
  • Relatively inexpensive
  • Ability to work with other ICT systems used in the school such as the system for recording student details
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Topic 5- Organisation:School, Home and Environment

ICT methods available

OMR (optical mark recognition):

  • Works by teachers shading in boxes on forms
  • Forms are batched together
  • Sent for reading by an optical mark reader
  • Reports can be produced from the system

Smart Card:

  • Uses a chip
  • Chip is read by a reader to record attendance
  • Are open to abuse by students ( you can give your card to someone else)

Swipe Cards:

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Topic 5- Organisation:School, Home and Environment

  • Plastic cards like a credit cards
  • Contain a magnetic ***** with data on it
  • Students swipe card through a reader
  • Their attendance is recorded

Biometric methods

Biometric- a property of the human body, such as fingerprints or pattern on the retina that can be used to identify a person

Biometric methods include:

  • Fingerprints
  • Retinal scanning

Advantages of biometric methods

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Topic 5- Organisation:School, Home and Environment

  • There is nothing, such as a card, for a student to forget
  • You have to be there to register so no- one else can do it for you and cannot be altered by students
  • Performed in real times so the system knows exactly who has registered and when

Disadvantages of biometeric methods

  • Biometric systems are expensive
  • There are privacy issues. Some people object to fingerprinting system
  • Total reliance on the ICT system

Management information system in schools

  • Supply information to managers and other staff
  • To enable them to make effective decisions

Examples of uses for MIS in schools

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Topic 5- Organisation:School, Home and Environment

  • To workout how many students will be in the new year 7 and to allocate them into forms
  • To decide whether a new teacher should be employed
  • To work out the best way of allocating teacher and rooms
  • To decide on how best to spend the training budget to keep teachers up-to-date

Advantages of management information systems in schools

  • They reduce the workload for teachers in the classroom and in the school office
  • They can provide up-to-date information for parents
  • They can support decision making for school managers
  • They can tackle truancy effectively
  • They can be used to plan timetables

Disadvanages of managment information system in schools

  • They software is expensive to buy
  • Student dats is personal, so there must be no unauthorized access
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Topic 5- Organisation:School, Home and Environment

  • The software is complex, so all staff need training

Data Logging

  • Data logging is where readings are taken regularly over period of time using sensors. The main features of data logging are:
  • The readings are taken automatically- there is no need for a human to be present. This means that it is much cheaper than employing a person to do this
  • You can set the logging period- this is that total time over which the reader will be collected

Features of data logging

  • You can set the logging rate, this is how often the readings are taken
  • The sensors can be put in many locations
  • The data stored is processed by a computer
  • The data can be analysed
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Topic 5- Organisation:School, Home and Environment

Sensors

  • Sensors are used to detect and measure physical quantities
  • Here are some examples of sensors:
  • Temperature/heat sensors can be used in school experiment such as investigating the cooling of a hot drink in different thickness of cardboard cup. Heat sensors can be used to control; a heating system in a home or classroom
  • Light sensors- detect the brightness of light. Can be used to see how light levels affect the growth of a plant. They can be used to control light that comes on automatically when it goes dark
  • Sound-sensors-measure the loudness of a sound. Can be used in noise disputed
  • Pressure sensors- barometric pressure sensors measure air pressure;other pressure sensors measure depth of liquid or something pressing on them
  • Humidity sensors- these measure the moisture in the air
  • Passive infrared sensors (PIRs)- these are the sensors used in schools adn home to detect movement
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Topic 5- Organisation:School, Home and Environment

Advantages of Data Logging

  • Readings always taken at exactly the right time
  • Do not need anyone to take reading
  • No human error when taking reading
  • The system does not forget to take a reading
  • Reading can be taken faster
  • Can be situated in inhospitable places e.g. North Pole
  • Reading can be taken 24/7

Disadvantages of data logging

  • Equipment malfunction can cause wrong readings
  • Equipment is expensive
  • Training is needed to have expertise setting up the equipment

Control Systems

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Topic 5- Organisation:School, Home and Environment

  • The main components of a control systems are:
  • Sensors-which are the input devices that send data to the computer/ processor
  • Computer/Processor-uses a control program to decide what action to take when it receives data from the sensors
  • Output Device- such as light, heaters, sprinkler system, controlled by signals from the control system

Control Systems

  • Security light system
  • Burglar alarm system
  • Heating system

Advantages of Control Systems

  • It can operate continuously 24/7
  • It is cheaper- no need to pay wages
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Topic 5- Organisation:School, Home and Environment

  • It can work in dangerous places
  • It is easy to change the way the device work by re-programming it
  • It is more accurate than humans
  • It can react quickly to changes in the condition

Disadvantages of Control Systems

  • The initial cost of equipment is high
  • The equipment can go wrong
  • Fewer people are needed, so leads to unemployement
  • If there is a power cut the equipment will fail

Control Systems

  • Controls system work by using a series of 0's and 1's. A sensors and sent to that computer/processor for processing. The resulting weather information is then displayed in a variety of different ways such as:
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Topic 5-Organisation:School, Home and Environment

  • Used icons
  • Graphically
  • Using text
  • Using numbers
  • This information is usually iutput on screen
  • Charts
  • Animations
  • Videos

Sensors used for the collection of weather data:

  • Data for weather forecasting system comes from sensors:
  • Heat/temperature sensors. Pressure sensors. Used to record atmospheric temperature
  • Rain sensors. Used to measure rainfall
  • Widn speed and wind direction sensors
  • Light sensors, to record hours of sunshine
  • Humidity sensors, to detect moisture in the air
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Topic 5-Organisation:School, Home and Environment

Advantages of ICT based weather forecasting systems

  • Data can be collected automatically
  • Data is collected at exactly the correct time. Mistakes are not made when taking readings
  • Weather data can be collected from remote and inhospitable locations
  • Data can be transmitted using radio/satellite communication. Output can be in different formats, e.g. video, audio, etc

Disadvantages of ICT based weather forecasting system

  • Equipment is expensive
  • Malfunction of equipment lead to incorrect forecasts
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