- Population pressure, as the population increases, trees are cleared to make land for new settlements
- Mineral extraction, minerals (e.g gold and iron ore) are mined and sold to make money
- Energy development, building dams to generate hydro-electric power floods large areas of forest.
- Commercial logging, trees are felled to make money. Road building also requires tree clearance
- Commercial farming, forest is cleared to make space for cattle grazing, palm oil or soya plantations.
- Subsidence farming, forest is cleared so farmers can grow food for theselves and their families.
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