Alevel Spanish Grammar

SPANISH GRAMMR

INDICATIVE MOOD
The indicative mood is used to express factual information, certainty, and objectivity.

Conditional Perfect

Would have done

Future Perfect 

Will have done

Pluperfect 

Had done 

Imperfect 

Was, were, used to (continuous action in the past)

Preterite

-ed, completed action in the past

Imperfect continuous

What someone was doing

Present 

Do, current action happening 

Perfect 

Have done

Present continuous - gerund

I am doing

Future

Will do

Immediate future

Something you are going to do

Future perfect 

What will have happened

Conditional

Would/could/should do 

 

Conditional Perfect

The conditional Perfect tense is what you would have done. How to form:

1.     Take the verb ‘HABER’ in the CONDITIONAL :(habría, habrías, habría, habría, habríais, habrían)

2.     Follow this with the needed verb in the PAST PARTICIPLE form: (ADO, IDO)

e.g habría comido- I would have eaten

 

Future Perfect

The future perfect is what you will have done. How to form:

 

1.     Take the verb ‘HABER’ in the FUTURE tense: (habré, habrás, habrá, habremos, habréis, habrán)

2.     Follow with the needed verb in the PAST PARTICIPLE form (ADO, IDO)

e.g. habré comido- I will have eaten

 

Pluperfect

The pluperfect is what you had done. How to form:

1.     Take the verb ‘HABER’ in the IMPERFECT: (había, habías, había, habíamos, habíais, habían)

2.     Follow with the needed verb in the PAST PARTICIPLE (ADO, IDO)

e.g. habia comido- I had eaten 

 

Imperfect

The imperfect is a continuing action in the past, (was, used to, were). How to form:

1.     Take the needed verb and take of the ending (ar, er, ir)

2.     Replace the ending with the following:

-AR ENDING VERBS

-ER/IR ENDING VERBS

Aba

ia

Abas

ias

Aba

ia

Abamos

iamos

Abais

iais

Aban

ian

e.g Comiamos chocolate- I used to eat chocolate

 

Preterite

The preterite tense is used to describe a completed action in the past. How to form:

1.     Take the needed verb and take of the ending (AR, ER, IR)

2.     Replace the ending with the following

AR VERBS

ER/IR VERBS

-é

-í

-aste

-iste

-ó

-ió

-amos

-imos

-asteis

-isteis

-aron

-ieron

e.g. comí- I ate

 

Present

The present is used to describe a current action happening. How to form:

1.     Take the verb needed and take off the ending (AR, ER, IR)

2.     Replace the ending with the following

AR VERBS

ER VERBS

IR VERBS

-o

-o

-o

-as

-es

-es

-a

-e

-e

-amos

-emos

-imos

-aís

-éis

-ís

-an

-en

-en

 

e.g. Como- I eat

Perfect

The perfect tense is used describe what you have done. How to form:

1.     Take the verb ‘HABER’ in the PRESENT tense, (he, has, ha, hemos, habeis, han).

2.     Follow this with the needed verb in the past participle (ADO, IDO)

e.g. he comido- I have eaten

 

Present continuous

The gerund is used to describe what you are doing (ing form). How to form:

1.     Take the verb ‘ESTAR’ in the form of the PRESENT tense (estoy, estás, está, estamos, estáis, están)

2.     …