International relations 1945-2004 Chapter 2
- Created by: AbzzStarr
- Created on: 24-05-16 11:09
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I'm having trouble remembering everything so created these bullet points as the BARE MINIMUM to remember for each key point/event. Names highlighted green are people present at the time, those in yellow are historians.
Long Telegram
- 22nd February 1946
- George F Kennan (Junior official in US embassy in Moscow)
- “It may be expected that the … Soviet apparatus will be utilised as follows … To undermine general political and strategic potential of major Western Powers”
- ‘X article’ – “a long term, patient but firm and vigilant containment of Russian expansionist tendencies”
- John Gaddis sees it as vital in shaping US policy towards the SU
The Truman Doctrine
- Followed ‘Iron Curtain’ speech by Churchill
- 12th March 1947
- President Harry S Truman
- “I believe that it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities”
- Motives include – stopping the SU helping Greek Communists, demonise the SU & provoke SU
- Richard Crockatt – “Bipolarity was not merely a matter of the structure of international relations but a state of mind”
Marshall Plan
- May 1947 – “Europe is steadily deteriorating” – Under-Secretary of State William Clayton
- 5th June 1947
- George Marshall – senior military advisor
- Officially called the ‘European Economic Recovery Plan’ (ERP)
- Within 5 years gave $13.5billion
- 16 Countries in Europe (main beneficiaries Britain, France and W Germany)
- Some of the aid had to be spent on US goods
- French Communist Party had 1.7million members by 1947
- SU established Cominform in retaliation (June 1947)
- September 1947 –…
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