Keeping Healthy - B1

DIET AND EXERCISE

What Makes A Healthy Diet?

• Balanced Diet - correct amounts of: Carbs, Proteins, Fats, Vitamins, Minerals, Fibre, Water 
• Carbs + Proteins + Fats = release energy needed to live + build new cells
• Vitamins + Minerals (small amounts) = helps body work healthily
• Unbalanced diet = malnourishment

How Much Energy Do You Need?

• Males need more energy than females - excpet if the female is pregnant
• Teenagers need more energy than old people
• Little exercise = little food intake
• More exercise = increased food intake
• Bigger the muscles the more energy needed
• Temperature 
  • Warm countries - less energy needed ∵ less energy used to maintain steady body temp

The Metabolic Rate 

• Rate of chemical reactions in your cells
• Muscle to Fat Proportion
  • Men have higher metabolic rate than women ∵ men have higher proportion of muscle to fat than women
• Exercise increases metabolic rate ∵ builds up more muscle
• Metabolic rate is also affected by genetic factors

WEIGHT PROBLEMS

Obesity

• More energy than used = excess energy stored as fat
• Form of malnourishment - become overweight + obese
• Serious health problems: 
  • Arthritis, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes heart disease
• Obese people more likely to die early

Losing Weight

• Gain fat - taking more energy than needed
• Lose mass - energy content of food is less than energy used daily
• Lose mass by reducing food intake + increasing exercise

Lack of Food

• Underweight = malnourished - not eating enough food
• Deficiency diseases - lack of mineral ions + vitamins - unbalanced diet

INHERITANCE, EXERCISE…