Strengths and weakness

 

S&W OF PIAGET'S COGNITIVE THEORY

Strengths

Weaknesses

Reliable – because it has practical applications and can be used in the education industry

Subjective- because the research method is mainly interview

 

Has improved the understanding of cognitive development – increasing ability to communicate with children

Not generalisable because the sample was mainly his children

Conducted based on experiments of three mountains task

Lack of validity

 

S&W OF DWECK’S MINDSET THEORY

Strengths

Weaknesses

Practical application – parents can praise ability than a person

Data  may lack validity- used artificial setting

The theory is supported with evidence

·         Yeager and Dweck (2012)

·         Muller and Dweck (1998)

The study tends to ignore the effects of giving feedback without any judgement about the child

 

S&W OF GUNDERSON ET AL. (2013)

Strengths

Weaknesses

High ecological validity- conducted in a natural environment

The participants were deceived- was told the study was about child development

Hiding the aim- parents didn’t alter behaviour were told the study was on child development

No debriefing – participants weren’t told what the study was about

No researcher biases- the researcher who transcribed didn’t know the aim of the study

 

S&W OF THE MULTI-STORE MODEL OF MEMORY - ATKINSON AND SHIFFRIN (1968)

Strengths

Weaknesses

Case of amnesia show how brain injury can damage LTM while STM remains intact

It is not always necessary to repeat a piece of information over and over again to remember it.

Ben Mardock (1962) – discovered the serial position effect. Primacy and recency

Not only one type of amnesia exists- some amnesia patients cannot remember some long term memories while others remained intact.

 

S&W OF BARTLETT (1932) THEORY OF RECONSTRUCTIVE MEMORY

Strengths

Weaknesses

The theory has a practical application- theory helps to understand why memory can be distorted and therefore uses cognitive interviews for interrogation of eye witness crimes

The procedure of the theory was not scientific- more focused on unique memories of participants rather than standardized procedures and controls

The theory is ecologically valid- stories are realistic than trigrams

The theory is subjective – analyzed the picture and story himself before and gave an interpretation.

BARTLETT (1932) WAR OF GHOSTS

Strengths

Weaknesses

The study is reliable – replace his study using various stories and pictures

The study is not scientific – due to qualitative analysis ergo the findings are influenced by Bartlett’s aims.

Using qualitative analysis – the nature of reconstructive memory can be understood through its meaning,

Lack of good controls – Bartlett didn’t always get the participant to recall the story at the same time intervals

 

PETERSON AND PETERSON (1959) – SHORT TERM RETENTION OF VERBAL TERMS STUDY

Strengths

Weaknesses

Have good controls-  got rid of noise and other factors that could serve as distractions

The study lacks mundane realism – it is not an everyday task

The study is scientific – used fixed timings for all participants

The theory has practical applications – explains how interference in the form of verbal…