Anatomical reference planes

NA

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  • Created by: LM
  • Created on: 29-10-16 15:47
What are the three cardinal planes?
Frontal, Transverse and Sagittal
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Frontal?
Splits body into anterior/posterior
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Transverse?
Splits body into inferior/superior
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Sagittal?
Splits body into left and right
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What are the three anatomical reference axes?
Mediolateral, anteroposterior and longitudinal
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Mediolateral?
Movement within the sagittal plane
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Anteroposterior?
Movement within the frontal plane
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Longitudinal?
Movement within the transverse plane
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What movements occur in the sagittal plane?
Flexion, extension, hyperextension, dorsiflexion, plantar flexion
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Flexion
The angle at the joint diminishes
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Extension
The return movement from flexion
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Hyperextension
The angle at the joint is increased
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Dorsiflexion
Upwards movement of the foot via ankle
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Plantar flexion
Downwards movement of the foot via ankle
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What movements occur in the frontal plane?
Abduction/adduction, eversion/inversion, lateral flexion, scapula elevation/depression and ulnar/radial devation
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Abduction
Moving away
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Adduction
Moving back in
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Eversion
Turning out of the foot
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Inversion
Turning in of the foot
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Lateral flexion
Sideways movements of the trunk
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Ulnar deviation
Sideways movement of the hand outwards away from thumb
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Radial deviation
Sideways movement of the hand inwards towards thumb
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What movements occur in the transverse plane?
Left/right rotations of head, neck and trunk; internal/external rotation of leg & upper arm, Pronation.supination of forearm and horizontal adduction/abduction
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Internal/external rotation are also known as what?
Medial and lateral rotation
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Pronation?
Palm facing downwards
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Supination?
Palm facing upwards
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Horizontal abduction?
Arm held out to side while raised
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Horizontal adduction?
Arm held out in front while raised
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Proximal
Nearest the trunk or point of origin
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Distal
Situatied away from the point of origin
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Ipsilateral
On the same side
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Contralateral
Relating to the opposite side
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Frontal?

Back

Splits body into anterior/posterior

Card 3

Front

Transverse?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Sagittal?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are the three anatomical reference axes?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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