AS-Sociology-Education

Name the three functionalists of education?

Durkheim, Parsons, Davis&Moore

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What did Durkheim say about education

Form of secondary socialisation that passes on norms and values to create social order based on a value consensus

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What did Parsons say about education

School is a bridge between the family and adult roles in society that passes on a universal value of achievement. It selects children into appropriate roles becauses it meritocratic.

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What did Davis and Moore say about education

Sorts children into the right positions, and there has to be a system of unequal rewards to motivate people for the top positions.

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What else do functionalists believe about education?

Teaches skills needed by work and the economy

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Name the Marxists of education

Bowles and Gintis, Althusser

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What are the two things Bowles and Gintis say about education?

1)Correspondence Principal (school and work link in the way they run)

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What did Althusser say about education

"Ideological state apparatus": Education is a tool used by capitalists to pass on capitalist ideology to pass on the belief that society is fair in order to produce a passive and obedient workforcw

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What else do Marxists say about education?

Legitimises inequality due to the myth of meritocracy

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Name 2 similarities between Marxist and Functionalist views on education

1) Take a structuralist approach looking at the big picture and ignoring social interaction 2) Both say education has a huge impact on an individual and is closely linked to work

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Name 2 differences in Marxist and Functionalist views on education

1) Marxists say education reproduces and legitimises inequality 2) Functionaliststake a more positve approach stating that education helps people to better themselves

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State 2 criticisms of the Functionalist approach

1) evidence of differential achievement in education suggests education is not meritocratic 2) "who you know" (social capital) is still more important than your knowledge in some societies

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State 2 more criticisms of functionalism

3) Education system doesn't prepare people adequately for work (Lack of engineering graduates when the economy really needs engineers) 4) Doesn't explain conflict: Doesn't look at how education only serves the interests of particular groups

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State 2 criticisms of Marxism

1) Assumes people are passive victims and ignores the fact some people resist authority 2) Most people areaware of the inequality in education and don't think it is legitimized

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Name 2 feminist views towards education:

1) Hidden curriculum reinforces gender differences 2) Gender stereotyping still exists as there are differences in gender subject choices 3) Girls are now outperforming boys at school but boys demand more attention from teachers 4

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Name 2 more feminist views towards education

3) Girls are now outperforming boys at school but boys demand more attention from teachers 4) Men dominate top positions in school

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Name 3 views of the New Right towards education

1) There should be individual choice rather than the state interfering 2) Marketisation of schools to attract more consumers and raise standards 3) State schools don't have to compete to attract consumers which causes poor standards

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AS-Sociology-Education

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