B4.1

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  • Created by: mackymoo
  • Created on: 07-05-17 16:22
Homeostasis
Automatic control systems in the body keep conditions inside the body relatively constant.
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Control systems
Cells called receptors, which detect stimuli (changes in the environment).Coordination centres that receive and process information from receptors.Effectors, which bring about responses.
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Receptors are found in many organs
The eyes – sensitive to light. The ears – sensitive to sound, and to changes in position (which enables us to keep our balance). The tongue and in the nose – sensitive to chemicals (enable us to taste and to smell)
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Receptors are found in many organs
The skin – sensitive to touch, pressure, pain and to temperature changes. The brain – sensitive to blood temperature and the concentration of water in the blood.The pancreas – sensitive to the concentration of glucose in the blood.
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Coordination centres
The brain, spinal cord and the pancreas.
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Hormones
Hormones are secreted by glands and are usually transported to their target organs by the bloodstream.
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Hormones
Many processes are coordinated by hormones.
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Reflex actions
Automatic and rapid. They often involve sensory, relay and motor neurones.
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Simple reflex action (Step 1)
Impulses from a receptor pass along a sensory neurone to the central nervous system.
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Simple reflex action (Step 2)
At a junction (synapse) between a sensory neurone and a relay neurone in the central nervous system, a chemical is released that causes an impulse to be sent along a relay neurone.
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Simple reflex action (Step 3)
A chemical is then released at the synapse between a relay neurone and motor neurone in the central nervous system, causing impulses to be sent along a motor neurone to the effector.
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Simple reflex action (Step 4)
The effector is either a muscle or a gland: a muscle responds by contracting and a gland responds by releasing (secreting) chemical substances.
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Effectors
Muscles and glands.
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Simple reflex action
stimulus --------> receptor --------> co-ordinator --------> effector --------> response
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Internal conditions that are controlled
Temperature. The water content of the body. The ion content of the body.Blood glucose levels.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Cells called receptors, which detect stimuli (changes in the environment).Coordination centres that receive and process information from receptors.Effectors, which bring about responses.

Back

Control systems

Card 3

Front

The eyes – sensitive to light. The ears – sensitive to sound, and to changes in position (which enables us to keep our balance). The tongue and in the nose – sensitive to chemicals (enable us to taste and to smell)

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

The skin – sensitive to touch, pressure, pain and to temperature changes. The brain – sensitive to blood temperature and the concentration of water in the blood.The pancreas – sensitive to the concentration of glucose in the blood.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

The brain, spinal cord and the pancreas.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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