2. Attachment/ colonisation. Rafting/ co-aggregation. Promote clotting. Signal transduction, internalisation
2 of 13
3. What are some of the bacterial mechanisms to avoid host defences
3. Immunity at mucosal surfaces, destroy immunity cells, interfere with inflammatory response, evade innate immunity, overcome acquired immune responses
3 of 13
4. What could happen if the epithelium gets penetrated
4. Bacteria can get to blood vessel endothelium and then circulate in blood. Bacteria can enter phagocytic cells and accumulate in lymph nodes. Bacteria can go to lymphatic tissue endothelium and accumulate in lymph nodes. New sites of infection are
4 of 13
5. Whats the route/ sequence of things that can happen if oral streptococci cause infective endocarditis
5. Pathogen gains temporary access to the bloodstream, rapidly adheres via platelet fibrin deposition. Some species obtain intracellular access. Proliferation of microbes formation of vegetation. Heart function impaired
5 of 13
6. Spread of infection- how can be?
6. Superficial/systemic. Extra/intra cellular. Can gain access via general contact or injection
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7. When streptococci invade teeth, what is produced?
7. Metabolic product, lactic acid, destructive
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8. What is the outer membrane of gram negative bacteria made of?
8. LPS and endotoxin. Peptidoglycan, lipoproteins, lipoteichoic acid
8 of 13
9. How does the gram -ve bacteria work?
9. Bind to receptors on macrophages, b cells and other cells that stimulate release of acute phase. cytokines
9 of 13
10. What is sepsis?
10. The host response to severe infection
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11. How does sepsis work
11. Small blood vessels become leaky and lose fluid into the tissues. Lower blood volume requires heart to work harder to. Maintsain oxygenation of tissues. Poor tissue oxygen perfusion mean blood supply to less essential orgsns is shut to try and ma
11 of 13
12. What is pseudomembranous colitis
12. Antibiotic associated diarrhea
12 of 13
13. What antibiotics could cause this
13. Ampicillin, cephalosporins and clindamycin
13 of 13
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
2. What is the role of surface molecules
Back
2. Attachment/ colonisation. Rafting/ co-aggregation. Promote clotting. Signal transduction, internalisation
Card 3
Front
3. What are some of the bacterial mechanisms to avoid host defences
Back
Card 4
Front
4. What could happen if the epithelium gets penetrated
Back
Card 5
Front
5. Whats the route/ sequence of things that can happen if oral streptococci cause infective endocarditis
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