Biology B2 Edexcel 4.5 / 5 based on 2 ratings ? BiologyGCSEEdexcel Created by: aminaCreated on: 19-05-13 20:57 What is Genetic Engineering? The process of which a gene is removed from one organism and placed into another 1 of 20 Give an example of a genetically modified organism? Bacteria 2 of 20 Explain the advantages of insulin produced from genetically modified bacteria? Insulin produced from GM bacteria can now be used by vegans. Also, the supply of insulin is not affected by animal diseases. 3 of 20 How can a lack of Vitamin A, cause death? Because your immune system is not working properly. 4 of 20 Why are some people concerned about 'golden rice' ? Some believe that golden rice will affect them, whereas some think that there is not enough beta-carotene levels in golden rice. 5 of 20 Why have scientists added genes to some plants? To make the plants herbicide resistant 6 of 20 What are Enzymes, and what are they made from? Enzymes are biological catalysts(to speed up a chemical reaction without being used). Enzymes are also made from proteins. 7 of 20 Give three examples, enzymes might be used? (1) DNA replication (2) Protein synthesis (3) Digestion 8 of 20 State three factors that affect enzymes? (1) Temperature (2) pH (3) Concentration of the substrate 9 of 20 What pH do most enzymes work best at? Enzymes work best at an optimum pH. For most enzymes, this would be about pH7 10 of 20 What do carbohydrases catalyse? They catalyse the breakdown of carbohydrates 11 of 20 What do proteases catalyse? They catalyse the breakdown of proteins 12 of 20 Why do we say enzymes are 'highly' specific? Because they can only catalyse a certain substrate 13 of 20 What happens to an enzyme, if it's shape is changed? It becomes denatured 14 of 20 What is the 'lock-and-key' hypothesis? It is the test to see whether a certain enzyme fits a certain substrate, where the substrate is the key and the enzyme the lock 15 of 20 What are chromosomes? Thread-like structures found in the nucleus of the cell which carry the genetic information 16 of 20 What does the order of bases in the DNA contain? It contains the information needed to form the proteins for body cells. 17 of 20 What makes us, as humans, slightly different? Our slightly different order of bases in our genes, is what makes us slightly different 18 of 20 How are the two strands in a DNA molecule formed? The two strands of a DNA molecule, are coiled together to form a spiral. This spiral is then known as the double helix. 19 of 20 State the complementary base pairs. Adenine(A) = Thymine(T) , and Guanine(G) = Cytosine(C) 20 of 20
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