The analysis of a physical image created on a surface when it becomes stained with blood.
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What can BPA add to a case?
Timelines, nature of injury, type of weapon, staging, struggles.
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What factors can affect BPA?
Environmental conditions, humidity, nature of assault, clean up attempts.
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Explain Passive Single Drips
Surface tension is overcome by gravity, drop becomes spherical when airborne and lands directly below place of origin.
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Explain Secondary Single Drips
A drop of blood impacts into a surface already wet with blood, blood breaks up under force of impact and produces satellite stains around the parent stain.
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Explain Contact Staining
Formed when a surface comes into contact with wet blood, Locard's Principle of Exchange.
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Explain Impact Spatter
Force is delivered into a surface wet with blood, force causes blood to break up and is dispersed away from point of impact. Visualised as small spots at scenes and on clothes.
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Explain Cast Off
When a wet blood stained object is swung, force of the swing allows the blood to overcome force of surface tension and blood is flung in linear pattern.
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Explain Large Volume Blood Stains
Pools of blood or blood soaked into materials.
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Explain PABS
Clotting, expiated and clean up attempts.
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Explain Complex Blood Stain Patterns
Stains involving more than one pattern in any one area.
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