Brain Development and Plasticity ( Part 2)

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  • Created by: Anjelala
  • Created on: 14-12-17 02:57
What is the life span of Neurones ?
-Different cells will have different average life spans
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What cells have the longest and shortest life span?
- Heart cells can be as old as the person - skin cells have the shortest life span, under a year old at most
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Explain neurone formation in mammalian cerebral cortexes ?
Mammalian cerebral cortexes form few to none new neurones after birth
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What info from research proves that new neurones can be formed after early development ?
- interior brain stem cells can become neurones or gila - New olfactory receptors continually replace dying ones
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What did Sperry's experiment (1943) discover?
- Severed optic nerve axons grow back to original targets in the tectum. - The process was dependent on chemical gradients in target cells by severing optic nerve and rotating eye by 180degree
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Explain the Pathfinding process of growing Axons ?
Growing axons are guided by chemo-attractants and repellents. - postsynaptic cells strengthen the synapses of some cells and weaken others
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How does muscles relate to axons? ( Neural survival )
Muscles release NGF protein which promotes survival and growth of axons
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What is NGF ? ( Neuronal survival )
NGF is a protein known as Nerve growth factor
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How does the brain ensure that number of incoming axons are matched with the number of receiving cells ? (Neuronal survival)
- Brain overproduces neurones and applies apoptosis when required
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What is apoptosis ?
-Apoptosis is a when a cell terminates its self, it is natural and crucial for development - Apoptosis is dormant after maturity
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What is a Neurotrophin?
- Neurotrophin is a chemical ,promotes neurone survival and activity.
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How is Neurotrophin connected to apoptosis ?
-Up until after maturity , Axons that have made connections will trigger apoptosis if they aren't exposed to Neurotrophin - After maturityNeurotrophin isn't required for neurone survival as apoptosis is dormant
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How are Neurotrophins used in Adults Brains?
- Neurotrophins are used for neuronal sculpting in adult brains ( increase axon and dendrite branching throughout life )
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Card 2

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What cells have the longest and shortest life span?

Back

- Heart cells can be as old as the person - skin cells have the shortest life span, under a year old at most

Card 3

Front

Explain neurone formation in mammalian cerebral cortexes ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What info from research proves that new neurones can be formed after early development ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What did Sperry's experiment (1943) discover?

Back

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