Cell biology 10S.1 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyHallmarts of cancerUniversityAll boards Created by: Jasmine FinchCreated on: 24-05-20 19:08 What is cancer? accumulation of genetic and epigenetic abnormalities 1 of 20 A tumor can be.. Benign or malignant 2 of 20 benign encapsuled, low mitotic rate, well differentiated and non-invasive 3 of 20 malignant non encapsulated, high mitotic rate, poor differentiation and invasive 4 of 20 Classification of cancer Cell and tissue type or site of origin 5 of 20 Development of cancer happens through repeated rounds of proliferation and mutations 6 of 20 Unlike homeostasis, a tumor can result from increase cell division and normal apoptosis or normal devision and decreased apoptosis 7 of 20 Features of cancer cells uncontrolled growth, hospitable environment and invade across basal lamina 8 of 20 Warburg effect a shift in energy production from oxidative phosphrylation to glycolysis. leads to increased access to energy, increased blood volume. 9 of 20 hereditary cancer one damaged gene is inherited 10 of 20 speradic cancer 1 damaged to 2 damaged genes 11 of 20 causes of mutations radiation, therapy drugs, chemicals, infections and age 12 of 20 oncogenes a gene in which the mutation has caused a gain of function (normally dominant) 13 of 20 tumour suppressor a gene in which the mutation has caused a loss of function (normally recessive) 14 of 20 proto-oncogenes growth factors, growth factor receptors, intracellular signalling molecules, transcription factors and cell cycle regulators 15 of 20 ERK1/2 is a MAPK that upon activation enters the nucleus and phosphorylates and activates transcription factors AP1 and myc 16 of 20 AP1 is made of 2 proteins; fos and jun. It activates the expression of CCND1 which codes for cyclin D! (cell cycle regulator) 17 of 20 intrinsic regulation orchestrates the sequence of events to ensure faithful replication of DNA and distribution into daughter cells 18 of 20 extrinsic regulation allows cell cycle to repond to external cues that promote cell growth and division and allows cell cycle to be inhibited when new cells are not needed 19 of 20 is cancer a genetic disease? yes! always but not always inherited 20 of 20
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