Characteristics Of Schizophrenia

What is Schizophrenia?

Schizophrenia is a life long mental illness characterized by hallucinations, delusions, disorganised speech, abnormal movements and a disrupted sense of reality. It affects 1 in 100 people and is often confused with mpd. There is no cure

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What are the two states of Scizophrenia?

Neurosis: Abnormal functioning that falls outside normal behaviour, they are in touch with reality and are aware of their condition. Psychosis: the patient has lost touch with reality, unaware of their condition and has no functional behaviour

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ALOGIA (Negative Symptom)

Reduced speech, even simple speech can be a problem

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AVOLITION (Negative Symptom)

Disinterested and unconcerned with what is going on around them. No desire to take part in activities

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ANHEDONIA (Negative Symptom)

Not reacting properly to pleasurable experiences. For example, being unbothered after winning a game

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FLAT EFFECT (Negative symptom)

No emotion/ expression and monotonous speach

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CATATONIA (Negative Symptom)

Either unusual, repeated movements or none at all (vegetative state)

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Positive Symptoms

Hallucinations, perceptions that are not real e.g. visual/auditory/sensory/tactile. Delusions, beliefs that aren't real, e.g. grandeur/persecution

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Types of Schizophrenia - Paranoid

Delusions and hallucinations, mostly positive symptoms and is often popularized through television

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Types of Schizophrenia - Catatonic

Unusual motor movements. Tic like gestures that are repetitive Little movement or in a vegetative state. This is both a symptom and a type of schizophrenia.

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Types of Schizophrenia - Disorganised

Incoherent speech, inappropriate behaviour (e.g. laughing at a funeral). Flat effect. Delusions and hallucinations are less common

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Types of Schizophrenia - Residual

Long term schizophrenia where most symptoms have disappeared. Has experienced at least one psychotic episode in the past

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Types of Schizophrenia - Undifferentiated

Does not fit into one of the other categories because the patient has symptoms from a combination of different groups

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Onset of Schizophrenia

Males: peak time at late teens, early 20's. Females: peak time at mid 30's. Males are more likely to develop schizophrenia than women

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Diagnosis

Diagnosed against the ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases, Revision 10).

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Why is it developed?

It is a unique disorder, not specific to any ethnic group. It could be explained through a number of ways, relationship with mother, birth complications during the second trimester and biological causes are also looked at (brain differences in twins)

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Characteristics Of Schizophrenia

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