Chemistry F334 4.0 / 5 based on 2 ratings ? ChemistryAcids, bases and saltsBonding & shapesA2/A-levelOCR Created by: sarahCreated on: 22-11-13 12:46 What is the Bronsted-Lowry theory? An acid is a proton donor and a base is a proton acceptor 1 of 16 What is transferred from acids to bases when they react together? Protons (H+) 2 of 16 What is the Arrhenius definition? Bases release OH- ions in solution 3 of 16 What is the problem with the Arrhenius definition? It means a substance can't be a base unless it's in solution 4 of 16 What is ionic bonding? An electrostatic attraction that holds + and - ions together in a lattice 5 of 16 What is metallic bonding? Electrons in the outermost shell are delocalised leaving a + metal ion. The metal ions are attracted tot he delocalised electrons 6 of 16 What is covalent bonding? Both + nuclei are attracted electrostatically tot he shared electrons 7 of 16 What is dative covalent bonding? Both electrons come from one atom. e.g N:-> H 8 of 16 How do you name carboxylic acids? Name the longest alkane chain. Take the 'e' off the end and add 'ioc acid' 9 of 16 How do you name dicarboxylic acids? Name the longest alkane chain. Add -dioc acid to the end 10 of 16 Carboxylic acids are weak acids in H2O they partially dissociate to form what? Carboxylate ion and H+ 11 of 16 Carboxylic acids are neutralised by aqueous alkalis e.g. NaOH to form what? Salts and water 12 of 16 WhatWhat are salts of carboxylic acids called and what do their names end in? carboxylates. -oate- 13 of 16 Carboxylic acids react with carbonates (CO3^2-) or hydrogencarbonates (HCO3^-) to form what? Salt, CO2 and H2O 14 of 16 What is esterification? Heating a carboxylic acid with an alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst, to get an ester (conc sulphuric acid usually) amd water 15 of 16 How do you name an ester? First part is from the alcohol and the second part is from the carboxylic acid (the structure and displayed formulae is the opposite way round) 16 of 16
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