CJEU and Preliminary Ruling
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- Created by: Edward
- Created on: 25-02-16 09:15
Gerardo Ruiz Zambrano (2009)
The CJEU significantly extended the scope of European Citizenship
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R&V Haegeman (1973)
CJEU gave wide definition of ‘Union acts’ to include international agreements
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Vaassen (1965)
CJ: the tribunal came within art 267 TFEU as it was a judicial body representing the power of the state and settling as a matter of law disputes concerning the application of the pension scheme
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Re Borker (1980)
CJEU refused a preliminary ref because the body was NOT ‘exercising a judicial function’
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Garofalo (1996)
All UK admin’ve tribunals established by statute would be recognised as having right under art 267 TFEU to make a ref
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De Coster (2000)
Factors Court take into account: whether body was est’d by law; permanent; jurisdiction is compulsory; applies Rules of Law; independent
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Rheinmuhlen
Where a court or tribunal has a right to make a ref under Art 267 TFEU it cannot be deprived of that right by national law
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Trent Taverns v Sykes (1999)
Chadwick J; the power of a lower court to make a ref cannot be abrogated by a prov’n of national law-lower courts must be free to make a ref if it considers that the superior Court’s ruling could lead it to give judgment contrary to Union law
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Ex p Rogers (1982)
Lord Lane CJ: mag’s have jurisdiction to make a ref but they should consider whether a higher court might be in a better position to assess the need for a ref and to formulate the questions to be sent to the court
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Bulmer v Bollinger (19754)
Lord Denning: ‘nec’ means the outcome of the case must be dependent on the decision
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Bulmer v Bollinger (1974)
Lord Denning: only those courts whose decisions are never subject to appeal are within scope of Art 267(3) – ABSTRACT THEORY
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Costa v ENEL (1964)
CONCRETE THEORY – question is whether the court’s decision in the case is subject to appeal
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De Costa (1962)
CJEU: if the Court gas already pronounced on a question of interp’n it might deprive the oblig’n to refer of its purpose and empty it of its substance – a pre ref might NOT be nec where the CJEU has already pronounced on a question of interp’n
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CILFIT (1981)
CJEU: oblig’n on Art 26793) courts to make a ref in a clearer position – oblig’n to refer is based on coop’n between national courts and European Court
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CILFIT (1981)
CJ: art 267(3) TFEU places oblig’n t refer unless it was est’d: that the q’n raised is irrelevant; has already been interpreted, or; that the correct applic’n of Union Law is so obv as to leave no scope for reasonable doubt
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L’Oreal v Bellure (2007)
Duty of national judge is to follow EU law as interpreted by the CJEU-even if they disagree
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Mellicke (2007)
The ECJ will refuse a prelim ruling if q’n referred is hypothetical, irrelevant or unclear
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Dzodzi (1990)
It must be relevant in sense that it must be important to the national courts’ ability to the case- relevance is determined by the national court making the referral
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Foglia (1980)
CJEU refused a ref as it felt that there was an absence of any real legal dispute between the parties
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Fabrik v Provide (1988)
CJEU confirmed it would NOT lightly infer an absence of a genuine dispute between parties
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Telemarsicabruzzo (1993)
The question put forward by the national court must be precisely and clearly phrased
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Meilicke (1991)
The prelim ref procedure should be seen as a partnership between national courts and CJEU
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Bacardi v Newcastle United FC (2000)
Prelim ref rejected as it was questioning the compatibility with EU law of another MS
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Foto-Frost (1985)
CJEU: national courts are entitled to find that acts adopted by the institutions of the Uinon are valid, but they have NO power in normal proceedings to declare such acts invalid
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Art 267(1) TFEU
The EU Courts have ability to give preliminary rulings on: (a)interpretation of the Treaty; (b)validity and interp’n of acts of the institutions, bodies, offices or agencies of the Union
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Art 267(3) TFEU
Lays down an oblig’n to make a ref to where the court or tribunal of a MS is one ‘against whose decision there is no judicial remedy under national law’
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Art 267(2) TFEU
Where a question of interp’n of EU law is raised before any court of a MS, that court of a MS, that court may, if it considers that a decision on the question is nec to enable it to give judgment, request the ECJ to give a ruling
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
CJEU gave wide definition of ‘Union acts’ to include international agreements
Back
R&V Haegeman (1973)
Card 3
Front
CJ: the tribunal came within art 267 TFEU as it was a judicial body representing the power of the state and settling as a matter of law disputes concerning the application of the pension scheme
Back
Card 4
Front
CJEU refused a preliminary ref because the body was NOT ‘exercising a judicial function’
Back
Card 5
Front
All UK admin’ve tribunals established by statute would be recognised as having right under art 267 TFEU to make a ref
Back
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