Computer Science Keywords

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  • Created by: Kaja Koz
  • Created on: 02-10-18 20:41
Dedicated
Something that is designed for one particular purpose
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Embedded system
A computer system that forms part of an electronic device
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Kernel
The lowest level of an operating system that controls the hardware
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Hypertext Mark Up Language (HTML)
A text based system for defining web pages
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Portable Document Format (PDF)
A file standard that displays a document accurately on any computer platform
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International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO)
The world's largest standards developing organisation. It produces international standards for engineering, agriculture and medicine, as well as for information technology
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TCP/IP
A set of standards that control how data is sent across networks including the internet
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Computer architecture
The internal, logical structure and organisation of the computer hardware
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Binary (Base-2 System)
A system of numbers using only the two digits 0 and 1
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CPU
Central processing unit of the computer containing the control unit, ALU and cache memory
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Control Unit
Works with the CPU to control the flow of data within the system
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ALU
Performs all the arithmetic and logical operations within the CPU
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Random access memory (RAM)
Main memory of a computer that stores data, app and the operating system whilst in use.
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Cache memory
Special high speed memory used by the computer
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Flash memory
Solid-state memory used as low cost secondary storage in portable devices and as removable memory
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Solid state
Technology based on electronics with no moving parts
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Secondary storage
Non-Volatile storage used to store programs and files that need to be kept even when the power is not on
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Fetch-execute cycle
The processes of fetching instructions from memory, decoding them and then executing them so that the CPU performs continously
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Read only memory (ROM)
A non-volatile store for data in a computer that cannot be overwritten.
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Clock chip
The electronic device in a computer that controls the timing of signals
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Bus
A part of the computer architecture that transfers data and signals between the components of the computer
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Motherboard
The central printed circuit board (PCB) that holds the crucial components of the system
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Multi-Core processor
A CPU with multiple processors
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Byte
8 bits
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Kilobyte
1024 bytes
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Volatile
Data lost when there is no power
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Non-volatile
Data retained even when power is turned off
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Virtual memory
A section of the hard disk used as if it were RAM to supplement the amount of main memory available.
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Logic gate
A circuit that produces an output based on the inputs
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NOT gate
A logic gate that outputs the opposite value to the input
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AND gate
A logic gate that outputs 1 if both inputs are 1
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Or gate
A logic gate that outputs 1 if either, or both, of the two inputs are 1
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Truth table
A method for recording all the possible input combinations and determining the output for each
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Logic circuit
A circuit made by combining a sequence of logic gates
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Boolean algebra
A method for expressing mathematically a log circuit
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Input device
A hardware device used to input data into a computer system for processing
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Keyboard
A device that uses labelled keys to enable data input into a computer
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Mouse
A device that controls the movement of the cursor or pointer on a display screen. Allows user to select an object by pressing a button
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Touch screen
A touch sensitive surface that allows the user to select, control or move objects by touching icons and symbols using fingers or a stylus
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Microphone
A device for capturing sound
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Camera
A device for capturing still or moving images
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Bar code
A pattern of thin and thick lines representing a number that can be scanned by a reader for input into a computer system
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Radio frequency identification (RFDI)
Uses radio frequencies to represent a number that can be scanned for input into a computer system
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Sensor
A device that can detect physical conditions such as temperature, weight, light, sound, etc.
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Monitor
A device that can display images and text
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Printer
A device to produce physical copies of output from a computer system
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Speaker
A device to output sound
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Actuator
A device to produce physical movement based on output from a computer system
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Magnetic hard disk
Secondary storage device using magnetised platters to store data and files
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Optical disk
Secondary storage device using lasers to read and write data to a reflective surface.
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CD
A type of optical device with a capacity of 700MB
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DVD
A type of optical device with a capacity of 4.7GB
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

A computer system that forms part of an electronic device

Back

Embedded system

Card 3

Front

The lowest level of an operating system that controls the hardware

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

A text based system for defining web pages

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

A file standard that displays a document accurately on any computer platform

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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