Definitions 3

?
Machine code instruction
A binary code that a machine can understand and execute
1 of 29
Compiled high level language program
A program translated into machine code before it is executed on a digital computer
2 of 29
Opcode
The part of a machine code instruction that denotes the basic machine operation e.g. ADD
3 of 29
Operand
The part of the machine code that represents a single item of binary data or the address of a single item of binary data
4 of 29
Instruction set
The set of bit patterns or binary codes for the machine operations that a processor has been designed to perform
5 of 29
Optical mark reader
A device that optically senses marks placed in predefined positions on a form e.g. lottery ticket
6 of 29
RFID reader
Radio frequency identification; Contactless sensors used in shops to avoid theft and
7 of 29
Graphics tablet
Allows user to draw a graphic that is inputted into a computer. Like a pencil and paper
8 of 29
Cathode ray tube
A type of visual display unit that produces one line at a time.
9 of 29
Electronic paper
Flexible paper thin displays which create images using tiny coloured beads that move or rotate in response to an electric field, developed to E Ink and Xerox
10 of 29
Bitmap fonts
When a font is bitmapped. an become blocky when they are scaled
11 of 29
TrueType and PostScript fonts
Computer uses the geometric description of the font to simply draw an outline shape at a specific size then fills it with ink to create the character.
12 of 29
Plotter
Output device that moves a pen across paper in a continuous movement so that a two dimensional drawing can be made
13 of 29
Track
One of the concentric rings on a platter of a hard disk
14 of 29
Sector
A subdivision of a track
15 of 29
Disk block
The smallest unit of transfer between a computer and a disk; a disk sector
16 of 29
USB
Universal serial bus; allows peripherals to be connected using a standard interface socket
17 of 29
Access time
The time from the start of one storage device access to the time when the next access can be started
18 of 29
Software
Consists of sequences of instructions called programs that can be understood and executed by hardware
19 of 29
Assembler
Translates assembly language program into machine code
20 of 29
Compiler
Translates high level language code into object code
21 of 29
Interpreter
Analyses and executes a high level language program a line at a time
22 of 29
Bespoke software
Written for a customer's specific need
23 of 29
General purpose software
Software that can be used for many different tasks
24 of 29
Special purpose software
Software designed to support one specific task
25 of 29
First generation languages
Machine code that consists entirely of 1s and 0s (low level language)
26 of 29
Second generation lanuages
Assembly language; uses same structures and instruction set as the machine language is based on but uses mnemonics instead of numbers (low level language)
27 of 29
Third generation languages (Procedural languages)
Imperative language (like first and second gen) so is executed in a programmer defined sequence. One statement in a third generation language is translated into several machine code statements. Invented to make it easier to solve problems using comps
28 of 29
Fourth generation languages
Declaritive programming languages; Define what is to be computed rather than how the computation is to be done. You must declare facts that are processed by a standard algorithm to produce the desired result
29 of 29

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

A program translated into machine code before it is executed on a digital computer

Back

Compiled high level language program

Card 3

Front

The part of a machine code instruction that denotes the basic machine operation e.g. ADD

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

The part of the machine code that represents a single item of binary data or the address of a single item of binary data

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

The set of bit patterns or binary codes for the machine operations that a processor has been designed to perform

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Computing resources:

See all Computing resources »See all COMP 2 resources »