Drugs

Fusidic Acid

Interferes with bacterial protein synthesis: prevents translocation of elongation factor G from the ribosome. Can also inhibit chloramphenicol acetyltransferase enzymes.

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Flucloxacillin

Binds to specific penicillin-binding proteins in bacterial cell wall. inhibits last stage of cell wall synthesis.

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Clarithromycin

Penetrates bacterial cell wall and binds to 50S subunit of bacterial ribsome

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Rifampicin

Inhibits RNA synthesis leading to cell death

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Isoniazid

Prodrug, activated by bacterial catalase. Inhibits synthesis of mycoloic acids which are essential component of bacterial cell wall

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Pyrazinamide

Prodrug, diffuses into M. TB and changes pH of TB

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Ethambutol

Inhibits arabinosyl transferases which is used in cell wall biosynthesis. bacterial cell wall complex is inhibited leading to increase in cell wall permeability.

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Streptomycin

Irreversibly binds to 30S subunit and RNA wobble base of tRNA leading to incorrect amino acids and non functional or toxic peptides produced.

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Levofloxacin

Inhibits bacterial topoisomerases, DNA replication and transcription is inhibited.

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Para-aminosalicylic acid

Inhibits synthesis of cell wall component reducing iron uptake by M. TB

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Ceftriaxone

Beta-lactam. Inhibits synthesis of bacterial cell wall. defective cell wall leads to cell death.

11 of 21

Electrolade

ORT. Contains replacement electrolytes and glucose (or type of sugar) to regulate the uptake of the essential electrolytes in the small intestine. Carbohydrates are needed to carry electrolytes.

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Dioralyte

Same as above with: Starch included to help stools become more solid more quick.

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Picolax

Clearing laxative. 2 active ingredient; Sodium Picosulfate and Magnesium Citrate. S.picosulfate is mechanical laxative, activated in large intestine by bacteria, stimulates nerves causing contraction to move along bowel contents. M.Citrate is osmotic

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Phenoxymethylpenicillin

Binds to specific penicillin-binding proteins in bacterial cell wall. inhibits last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis.

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Vincristine

Vinca alkaloid. Inhibits mitosis at metaphase

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Prednisolone

Glucocorticoid. Supresses humoral immune responses, to inhibit leukocyte infiltration.

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Doxorubicin

Antimitotic and cytotoxic activity. Forms complexes with DNA by intercalation between base pairs. Inhibits topoisomerase II complex.

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Mercaptopurine

Inhibits guanine base pairing?

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Methotrexate

Inhibition of folic acid reductase inhibition of DNA synthesis and cellular replication.

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Salbutamol

Smooth muscle relaxer / bronchodilation. Also inhibits release of bronchoconstriction agents. Relaxes smooth muscle by increasing cAMP production, lowering calcium concentrations leading to muscle relaxation.

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