Drugs that act on the nervous system 0.0 / 5 ? NursingPharmacologyUniversityAll boards Created by: ellie smithCreated on: 17-11-14 10:11 Excitatory Neurotransmitters (speed up) noradrenaline, dopamine, serotonin, Acetylcholine, Glutamate 1 of 29 Inhibitory Neurotransmitters (slow down) GABA, glycine 2 of 29 Nitrous Oxide (laughing gas) potent at relieving pain (analgesic), not potent enough to induce general anaesthesia, used with other drugs, used during child birth. 3 of 29 Isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane administered using a vapouriser, all have rapid onset and recovery, 4 of 29 Isoflurane does not depress the CV system. It produces a good degree of muscle relaxation, and may be used without muscle relaxants 5 of 29 desflurane irritating to the airways and may increase secretions, not recommended in people with respiratory problems, 6 of 29 sevoflurane rapid onset and clearance, fewer side effects 7 of 29 Propofol (non- barbiturate) used for day surgery as it has a rapid recovery time, hypnosis after 40 secs, convulsions and bradycardia 8 of 29 Thiopental (barbiturate) loose consciousness for 5-10 minutes, brief procedures, low metabolism, sedative last up to 24 hours 9 of 29 Etomidate alternative to thiopental, muscle movements minimised, suppression of the adrenalcortical 10 of 29 Ketamine alleviates anxiety and shock, bad dreams and hallucinations during recovery, increased heart rate and blood pressure 11 of 29 Benzodiazepines oral, i.v., i.m., rectal 12 of 29 midazolam conscious sedation, pre- med, may cause nausea 13 of 29 Diazepam widely used to treat anxiety, Cause confusion/ drowsiness/ depression + sexual fantasies! 14 of 29 Temazepam short acting with little or no hangover, taken orally, may cause hypotension or constipation, no excessive sedation in low doses. 15 of 29 Disadvantages of hypnotics lead to dependence, respiratory depression, interact with alcohol, cross the placenta. 16 of 29 Neuromuscular Blocking drugs block the transmission in motor nerves, prevent muscle contraction, assisted respiration needed, drugs affected muscles used for breathing 17 of 29 Narcotic (opioid) analgesics fentanyl, alfentanil (Rapifen), remifentanil, morphine 18 of 29 fentanyl, alfentanil (Rapifen), remifentanil, morphine act on CNS (opioid receptors) to relieve pain, euphoric, different preparations, nausea, reduced breathing rate, small risk of addiction 19 of 29 Lidocaine widely used, often in dental surgery 20 of 29 Prilocaine mixed with lidocaine to form a cream, surface anaesthesia, numbs the skin 21 of 29 Side effects of local anaesthetics abnormal heart beat, convulsions, restlessness, severe (cardio respiratory arrest) 22 of 29 Antidepressants 3 types: tricyclic antidepressants, selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors, monoamine oxidase inhibitors 23 of 29 Tricyclic antidepressants:imipramine, nortriptyline, doxepin dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, mental confusion, arrhythmias 24 of 29 Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors:fluoxetine, citalopram, sertraline, paroxetine headache, nausea, convulsions, diarrhoea, dizziness 25 of 29 Monoamine oxidase inhibitors:phenelzine, tranylcypromine breaks down neurotransmitters, interacts with tyramine containing foods, nausea, dizziness and insomnia 26 of 29 General anaesthetics: Gases Nitrous oxide, Isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane 27 of 29 General Anaesthetics: intravenous Propofol, thiopental, etomidate, ketamine 28 of 29 Anxiolytics/ hypnotics Benzodiazepines 29 of 29
Comments
No comments have yet been made