Electrolytes

?
Sodium conc. is higher outside cells and potassium conc. is higher inside cells.
T/F?
True - remember using SOPI
S - Sodium
O - Out
P - Potassium
I - In
1 of 25
Aldosterone produced at the distal tubule in kidneys in response to renin causes sodium and water __________ from urine in exchange for _________ and hydrogen ions.
reabsorption
potassium
2 of 25
Use of spironolactone promotes excretion of potassium in kidneys.
T/F?
False - potassium-sparing diuretic
3 of 25
Water balance is mainly controlled by which ion?
Sodium
4 of 25
An increase in plasma sodium will stimulate which hormone to reabsorb more water at the kidneys?
ADH - antidiuretic hormone
5 of 25
Dehydration in babies clinical features include:
- Dry nappies
- No/little tears when crying
- Drowsiness
- Sunken soft spot on head (fontanelle)
6 of 25
1 sachet of dioralyte should be dissolved in how many mls of water?
1 sachet in 200mls
7 of 25
Why is it important to dissolve in the right amount of water?
To ensure the correct dilution of salts to allow them to be absorbed by the body properly.
8 of 25
What age can you give dioralyte sachets?
Aged 1 and over
9 of 25
What class of anti-hypertensives can cause hyperkalaemia?
ACE inhibitors
10 of 25
What electrolyte imbalance may occur due to fluid overload in heart failure?
Hyponatraemia - sodium is diluted
11 of 25
Omeprazole causes hypernatraemia.
T/F?
False - Hyponatraemia
12 of 25
Electrolyte imbalance of which ion is associated with arrhythmias?
Potassium
13 of 25
Which class of drugs commonly causes hypokalaemia?
Diuretics
14 of 25
Which condition would put a patient at increased risk of hyperkalaemia?
Renal impairment
15 of 25
Which ion will reduce in response to hyperglycaemia?
Sodium
16 of 25
Chronic use of laxatives can increase the risk of __________.
Hypokalaemia
17 of 25
Both hypokalaemia and hyperkalaemia can lead to muscle weakness and cramping.
T/F?
True
18 of 25
Which thyroid disorder can lead to hyponatraemia?
Hypothyroidism
19 of 25
Hyponatraemia can affect sleep and increase heart and respiratory rate whereas hypernatraemia has more neurological manifestations.
T/F?
False - other way about
20 of 25
What are these neurological manifestations caused by hyponatraemia?
Nausea, confusion, headaches, delirium
21 of 25
Hypokalaemia causes constipation whereas hyperkalaemia causes abdominal pain and diarrhoea.
T/F?
True
22 of 25
Which electrolyte disturbance can lithium cause?
Hypernatraemia and hypercalcaemia
23 of 25
Excessive sweating, vomiting, diarrhoea can all cause hyponatraemia/hypernatraemia?
Hypernatraemia
24 of 25
Which fruit is a good source of potassium?
Bananas
25 of 25

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Aldosterone produced at the distal tubule in kidneys in response to renin causes sodium and water __________ from urine in exchange for _________ and hydrogen ions.

Back

reabsorption
potassium

Card 3

Front

Use of spironolactone promotes excretion of potassium in kidneys.
T/F?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Water balance is mainly controlled by which ion?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

An increase in plasma sodium will stimulate which hormone to reabsorb more water at the kidneys?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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