ENVS2 AQA the atmosphere

What is the percentage of nitrogen and what is one of its uses?

78%, used for proteins

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What is the percentage of oxygen and what is one of its uses?

21% and respiraton

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What is the percentage of co2 and what is one of its uses?

0.038% and photosynthesis

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What is the percentage of rare gases?

1%

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What is the percentage of methane?

0.00017%

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What is the percentage of ozone?

0.000007%

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What part of the atmosphere is the lowest and contains weather and the earths surface?

Troposphere

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What is the layer above called and contains the ozone?

Stratosphere

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How does the atmosphere change with time?

During the day, photosynthesis is more rapid, so co2 levels drops

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How does the atmosphere change with altitude?

More ozone in stratosphere because of UV light.

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What happens to the temperature in the troposphere?

Temp decreases with increasing altitude due to infrared

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What happens to the temperature in the stratosphere?

Temp increases with increasing altitude due to UV from sun

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What is solar radiation?

Nuclear fusion in sun releases energy, UV is absorbed by ozone. Water vapour and co2 also absorb infrared and visible light.

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What is the greenhouse effect?

Visible light passes through atmosphere. Light absorbed by earth is converted to heat & emitted as infrared, then is absorbed by atmospheric gases. Causes it to become warmer.

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What is the enhanced greenhouse effect?

Human activities are increasing the concentration of gases that absorb infrared- causing atmosphere to heat up

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What are the consequences of global climate change?

Sea level rise: warmer atmosphere causes sea to warm & expand, melting land ice: earth warms. Change in climate: wind patterns change in velocity, frequency, direction-storm damage. Precipiation: high temp, increase evaporation & precipitation rates.

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What are the ocean current changes that are cause by human climate change?

El niño: wind changes direction from normal year and you get drought in Australia and floods in South America. North Atlantic Conveyer: current slows because land ice melting diluting salt and makes it less dense, cold water sinks

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What are ecological changes that are cause by human climate change?

temp rise-plants grow faster, more food but toxins build up more: kill caterpillars. Plants with shallow roots might not cope with dry periods. Distribution of species may change.

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Why is it difficult to predict climate change?

Theres less data on climate factors. Some changes/sea level rises are very slow. Different changes may occur at different times/locations.

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What is positive feedback and whats an example of it?

Increase rate or amount of change. Warming increases decomposition so more co2

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What is negative feedback and whats an example of it?

Decrease rate or amount of change. Increase photosynthesis, decrease co2

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When was the Kyoto Protocol made and what were its aims?

1997. Reduce greenhouse gases by 5.2% by 2008-2012

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What are some ways to reduce greenhouse gas levels?

CO2-energy conservation, use alternate energy resources. Methane-reduce dumping in landfill & decrease livestock. Oxides of nitrogen-catalytic converters & decrease car use. CFC's- alternate materials e.g HFC's in fridges

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What cause ozone depletion?

CFC's have caused global reduction of ozone and holes.

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What protocol was made to reduce CFC's?

Montreal Protocol

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ENVS2 AQA the atmosphere

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