GCSE Edexcel Music 9-1 - AoS1 Bach - Flashcards in GCSE Music

When was Brandenburg Concerto no.5, movement III composed, and by whom?

late Baroque period - 1721, by Johann Sebastian Bach

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What style of dance is this piece in?

a gigue - a 17th century dance with steady beat and lively tempo

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Why was this piece composed?

for the Margrave of Brandenburg, Bach's patron

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Where did Bach originate?

Germany, from a family of well-known composers

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What was Bach known for in his music?

long, flowing, expressive melodies; counerpoint and fugue

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DYNAMICS

terraced; minimal markings (editorial)

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TEMPO

allegro throughout

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METRE

2/4 (simple duple) but sounds like 6/8 due to triplets

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RHYTHM

triplets; dotted rhythms; semi-quavers in harpsichord

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TEXTURE - bars 1-2

monophonic; otherwise contrapuntal wih imitation

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TEXTURE - fugal writing

fuagto in Section A (polyphonic) and stretto bar 64

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TEXTURE - doubling

violone+cello (tutti section), flute+violin (33-44) and parallel 3rds

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TEXTURE - contrasts

changes in texture create contrast. perhaps antiphonal - swapping textures

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STRUCTURE

Concerto grosso in ternary form ABA' (A=ritornelli and fugues, B=ritornello)

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MELODY - ornaments & decoration

trills (eg.84), pedal point (start of B), sequences, rippling quavers from b.5 acc. flute in B

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MELODY - based on?

triadic and scalic ideas from start. 1st notes of Section A are transposed from D to Bm in Section B

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INSTRUMENTS - concertino

flute, principal violin, harpsichord (all soloists)

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INSTRUMENTS - ripieno

violin, viola, cello, doublebass (aka violone/contrabasso)

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INSTRUMENTS - roles of harpsichord

virtuoso soloist, director, continuo, realises figured bass to complete harmonies, simple texture

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TONALITY - tonic and Section A

tonic is Dmajor. Section A has modulations to the dominant, Amajor

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TONLAITY - Section B

relative minor, Bm with modulations to the dom.F#m and the relative major, A

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HARMONY

simple, diatonic, mainly triads or dominant7ths in root or 1st inversion

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HARMONY - variation?

enlivened by appoggiaturas (149) and suspensions (129)

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HARMONY - pedals and cadences

tonic & dominant(F#) pedals in Section B. Perfect cadence at the end of each section

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GCSE Edexcel Music 9-1 - AoS1 Bach

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