Germany's International Position, 1924-1928
0.0 / 5
- Created by: Gray_1234
- Created on: 30-08-24 13:44
What is Gustav Stresemann's policy to restore Germany to a strong economic position?
The Policy of Fulfilment
1 of 28
German reaction to The Treaty of Versailles
Germans of all classes and political allegiances held huge resentment towards The Treaty of Versailles, labelling it unjust and a dictated peace treaty that denied Germany it's entitled power in Europe, and placed many Germans outside the territory of the
2 of 28
What was a common goal between all Weimar coalition governments between 1919 and 1933?
To have the terms of the TOV revised, however there were deep divisions between parties on how this should be achieved
3 of 28
Political ideas of revision of the TOV terms
The nationalist right believed that Germany should reject the treaty and rebuild their military strength in preparation for a time where the country could regain their lost territory and become a fully independent nation again
4 of 28
What was the Policy of Fulfilment?
The idea that Germany cooperated with France, Great Britain, the USA and Italy, on issues such as reparations payments and removing allied occupation forces from German territory
5 of 28
What was the significance of Stresemann as leader?
He had brought hyperinflation under control, ended the policy of passive resistance to the French occupation in the Ruhr and cooperated with the Allies over the Dawes Plan. As a result, French and Belgian forces left the Ruhr in 1925
6 of 28
What was Stresemann's main tactic with the Policy of Fulfilment?
Understanding that the Allies, particularly France, would be suspicious of Germany and he would have to find a way of highlighting Germany's peaceful intentions
7 of 28
The Locarno Pact, 1925
Meeting of European powers, at Germany's recommendation, at the Swiss City of Locarno
8 of 28
Why was Stresemann anxious?
He was anxious to avoid any hostility between Britain and France, particularly as the latter began to feel threatened by Germany's industrial recovery
9 of 28
Who attended?
France were initially suspicious, but agreed to attend alongside: Germany, Britain, the USA, Italy, but not Russia
10 of 28
What did the discussions lead to?
The Rhineland Pact and Arbitration Treaties, known collectively as the Locarno Pact, they were signed officially in London on 1st December 1925
11 of 28
The Rhineland Pact
-Germany, France and Belgium would respect the Western Frontier drawn up at Versailles in 1919
-Germany agreed to keep troops out of the Rhineland as promised in Versailles
-Britain and Italy promised to aid Germany, France or Belgium if any of them were
-Germany agreed to keep troops out of the Rhineland as promised in Versailles
-Britain and Italy promised to aid Germany, France or Belgium if any of them were
12 of 28
The Arbitration Treaties
-Germany agreed with France Belgium, Poland and Czechoslovakia that any dispute between them should be settled by a conciliation comittee to mediate discussions
-France signed treaties of "mutual guarantee", with Poland and Czechoslovakia, to make sure Fr
-France signed treaties of "mutual guarantee", with Poland and Czechoslovakia, to make sure Fr
13 of 28
How would disputes with the Western borders be settled?
By referring the argument to the League of Nations to settle it. In addition, France would not be permitted to cross into Germany should there by any dispute between Germany and Poland or Czechoslovakia
14 of 28
Why was the Locarno Pact deemed a success?
It was the first time that Germany had recognised the western border imposed at Versailles and accepted the loss of Alsace-Lorraine to France and Eupen-Malmédy to Germany to monitor Germany's disarmament
15 of 28
The Treaty of Rapallo
A Treaty with Russia, where Germany sought and found ways to get around the disarmament clauses. Similar arrangements were made with other countries to let Germany build submarines in Spain and tanks and artillery in Sweden
16 of 28
Reality of these clauses
This did not give Germany a fully operational air force, or the army with unlimited supplies of weaponry, but it ensured Germany did not fall behind in technological advancements. Germany fortifications along the Rhine, but moved them to the Polish border
17 of 28
Under who did the Army manage to secretly recruit soldiers?
General von Seeckt, in which he would recruit soldiers for short amounts of time to receive intense military training
18 of 28
What remained a large organisation?
The Freikorps and other paramilitary groups, that supported the Army with their secret soldiers recruitment
19 of 28
What were General von Seeckt's aims?
To restore German military might and he worked towards a military alliance with the USSR which aimed to destroy the newly independent Poland. However, his communication with the Red Army was kept secret from those who were meant to keep him responsible fo
20 of 28
Which politicians helped negotiate the Treaties of Rapallo (1922) and Berlin (1926), but turned a blind eye towards the attempted relationship with the USSR and the secret rearmament process?
Rathenau and Stresemann
21 of 28
What treaty in 1928 was signed with France and the USA?
The Kellogg-Briand Pact
22 of 28
What was the Kellogg-Briand Pact?
It drew up an international agreement under which states would agree voluntarily to renounce the use of offensive wars to settle disputes. Germany was one of the first states to sign
23 of 28
What was the outcome of the pact?
It had limited effectiveness because it lacked any enforcement mechanism
24 of 28
Stresemann's Policy of Fulfilment
This came into effect soon after the meeting, but France were still weary about withdrawing their troops from Germany because of their sudden willingness to comply with the Treaty of Versailles
25 of 28
What convinced the first set of troops to leave Germany territory?
The Dawes Plan of 1924 and Locarno Pact 1925, provided evidence of Germany's willingness to comply with Allied Forces and the Treaty of Versailles, so the first troops left in 1926
26 of 28
When was the Young Plan fulfilled in Germany?
1929
27 of 28
The removal of the last troops from the Rhineland
The next group to leave was in 1929 and then the final group left in 1930, five years ahead of the schedule put forward by the Treaty of Versailles, however Stresemann died in 1929 before this was completed
28 of 28
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
German reaction to The Treaty of Versailles
Back
Germans of all classes and political allegiances held huge resentment towards The Treaty of Versailles, labelling it unjust and a dictated peace treaty that denied Germany it's entitled power in Europe, and placed many Germans outside the territory of the
Card 3
Front
What was a common goal between all Weimar coalition governments between 1919 and 1933?
Back
Card 4
Front
Political ideas of revision of the TOV terms
Back
Card 5
Front
What was the Policy of Fulfilment?
Back
Similar History resources:
0.0 / 5
0.0 / 5
3.0 / 5 based on 2 ratings
4.0 / 5 based on 2 ratings
4.5 / 5 based on 2 ratings
0.0 / 5
5.0 / 5 based on 1 rating
Teacher recommended
Comments
No comments have yet been made