humanistic psychology

what is humanistic psychology

an approach to understanding behaviour that emphasises the importance of subjective experience and each person's capacity for self-determination

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what is free will

the notion that humans can make choices and are not determined by internal biological or external choices

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Maslow's hierarchy of needs

a five levelled hierarchal sequence in which basic physiological needs must be satisfied before higher psychological needs can be achieved

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what is at the top of Maslow's hierarchy of needs

self actualisation
which is the desire to grow psychologically and fulfils ones potential - becoming what are you capable of

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what is at the bottom

physiological needs such as food and water

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what does rogers say has to happen for personal growth to be achieved

an individuals self concept must have congruence with their ideal self (the person they want to be)

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what is congruence

when the self concept and idea self are seen to match

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in order to reduce the gap between the self concept and the ideal self what did rogers develop

client centred therapy
- counselling to help people cope with the problems of everyday living

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according to Roger, what is the root of adult issues such as feeling worthless

they have their roots in childhood and can often be explained by a lack of unconditional positive regard

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what are conditions of worth

when a parent places limits or boundaries on their love for their child

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what was the role of therapists according to rogers

to provide his clients with the unconditional positive regard they failed to achieve as children

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ao3

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what is a strength of the humanistic approach

it is not reductionist
-humanistic psychologists advocate for holism, the subjective experience can only be understood by considering the whole person
-may have more validity

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what is a problem with it not being reductionist

there are relatively few concepts that can be broken down to single variables and measured
is short on empirical evidence to support it's claims

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how does the humanistic approach offer a 'refreshing and optimistic' alternative

humanistic psychologists have been praised for bringing the person back into psychology and promoting a positive image of the human condition

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does the humanistic approach apply universally
why/why not

no
a further limitation of the approach is that it has culture bias
many ideas central to humanistic approach eg independence, self actualisation are more associated with individualist cultures
collectivist cultures emphasis the importance of interdepen

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humanistic psychology

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