Igneous rocks

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  • Created by: atomic4
  • Created on: 12-12-20 12:11
Igneous rocks
Those that have cooled from magma
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Phenocrysts
Large or conspicuous crystals in an igneous rock, much larger than the groundmass
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Felsic minerals
Light coloured and silica rich
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Magma
Molten rock, which is beneath the earths surface
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Mafic minerals
Dark coloured, silica poor and rich in magnesium and iron
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Flow banding
Formed by friction as the magma or lava slows down near an interface, aligning the minerals as it moves
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Conchoidal
A fracture that results in a curved surface
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Porphyritic
A texture where large crystals are completely surrounded by finer groundmass minerals
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Amygdaloidal
Where there are large vesicles that have beenthat have been filled with a secondary mineral
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Ophiolites
Sections of the earths oceanic crust that have been tectonically moved onto continental crust
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Hypabyssal
Igneous rocks form at relatively shallow depths below the surface
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Plutonic
When igneous rocks form deep below the surface
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Equant
Crystals have all axes the same length.
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Hot spots
Formed by a fixed mantle plume bringing magma to the surface
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Batholith
A very large igneous intrusion with an unidentified depth in the earths crust
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Concordant
Intrusions parallel to the existing beds
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Discordant
Intrusions cut across the existing beds
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Large or conspicuous crystals in an igneous rock, much larger than the groundmass

Back

Phenocrysts

Card 3

Front

Light coloured and silica rich

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Molten rock, which is beneath the earths surface

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Dark coloured, silica poor and rich in magnesium and iron

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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