IMS 6- infection
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- Created by: Ettie Conway
- Created on: 12-04-24 10:44
tapeworm is an example of ...
Helminths
1 of 84
Fleas is an example of ...
insects
2 of 84
Malaria is an example of ...
protozoa
3 of 84
candida is an example of ...
fungi
4 of 84
staphylococci is an example of ...
bacteria
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ifluenza is an example of ...
viruses
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kuru is an example of ...
prions
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which is an endo parasite?
helminths
8 of 84
protozoa are...
unicellular
9 of 84
which statement is true about entamoeba histoyltica
causes dysentery
10 of 84
which statement is false about entamoeba histoyltica
invades small bowel lining
11 of 84
what is not a symptom of malaria?
dysentery
12 of 84
what is not a complication of malaria?
liver failure
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what is not a stage of malaria?
kidney stage
14 of 84
a segmented flat helminth
cestode
15 of 84
an unsegmented flat helminth
trematode
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a cylindrical helminth
nematode
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nematodes do not have
stomach
18 of 84
cestodes are also called
tapeworms
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trematodes are also called
flukes
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nematodes are also called
round worms
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cestode example
taenia saginata
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trematode example
schistosoma haematobium
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which statement is false about beef tapeworm (taenia saginata)
it is an example of a fluke
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which statement is false about Schistosoma haematobium (bilharzia)
infects arteries around the bladder
25 of 84
which statement is false about cimex lectularius?
it is an endoparasite
26 of 84
yeasts
single cells which bud
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moulds
filamentous strands
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which is a severe invasive fungal infection?
cryptococcus neoformans (yeast)
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what statement is false about cryptococcus neoformans (yeast)
Can cause tetanus
30 of 84
gram +ve
stain purple
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gram -ve
stain pink
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which is gram +ve?
streptococcus
33 of 84
what virus causes a common cold?
rhinovirus
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example of chronic infection
hepatitis C
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example of latent infection
herpesvirus
36 of 84
which statement is false about varicella zoster virus?
spreads across sensory nerves
37 of 84
which statement is false about Epstein-Barr virus?
infects immune system cells (T cells)
38 of 84
which statement is false about prions?
easy to destroy via standard sterilisation techniques
39 of 84
which prion disease is this?
rare fatal, degenerative neurological disease
transmitted via human growth hormone, surgical instruments and corneal grafts.
rare fatal, degenerative neurological disease
transmitted via human growth hormone, surgical instruments and corneal grafts.
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
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which prion disease is this?
typically occurs in young adults
Thought to be derived form bovine spongiform encephalopathy(BSE or mad cow disease)
typically occurs in young adults
Thought to be derived form bovine spongiform encephalopathy(BSE or mad cow disease)
Variant CJD
41 of 84
which prion disease is?
occurred in Papua New Guinea in 1950s
spread by cannibalism
especially brains of deceased relatives
occurred in Papua New Guinea in 1950s
spread by cannibalism
especially brains of deceased relatives
Kuru
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what is an example of where endogenous infections come from
ourselves
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normal flora is not present in
blood
44 of 84
what is not a symptom of infection of lower urinary tract? (cystitis)
amenorrhea
45 of 84
endogenous infection migration
UTI
46 of 84
Endogenous infection -perforation
peritonitis
47 of 84
Endogenous infection – blood spread
endocarditis
48 of 84
Exogenous infection: direct contact
herpes simplex
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not an example of Exogenous infection: indirect contact
tetanus
50 of 84
Injuries – dirty wound
tetanus
51 of 84
Bites
Malaria
52 of 84
not airborne
tetanus
53 of 84
oral route
salmonella
54 of 84
blood borne infection
hepatitis C
55 of 84
Antepartum (during pregnancy)
e.g. rubella
56 of 84
Peripartum (at time of birth)
e.g. herpes simplex
57 of 84
Postpartum (after delivery)
e.g. HIV via breastmilk
58 of 84
Liver infection
Some viruses spill into blood (and other body fluids)
Transmission by blood exposure
Some viruses spill into blood (and other body fluids)
Transmission by blood exposure
hep C
59 of 84
Parasitic infection
–Plasmodium species#
Life-cycle
Mosquitoes
Humans
Present in large areas of tropics
–Plasmodium species#
Life-cycle
Mosquitoes
Humans
Present in large areas of tropics
malaria
60 of 84
Viral infection Spread via bite of infected animal
rabies
61 of 84
Bacterium present insoi
l Contaminates wounds
Releases toxin causing muscle spasm
Prevented by vaccination
l Contaminates wounds
Releases toxin causing muscle spasm
Prevented by vaccination
tetanus
62 of 84
Viral infection of skin which causes cold sores and genital herpes
spreads via direct skin to skin contact
spreads via direct skin to skin contact
herpes simplex
63 of 84
dental work may allow normal mouth flora e.g.streptococci to enter blood stream
Circulation of organisms allows them to reach distant sites e.g. heart valve
Invasion can occur especially if valve tissue is abnormal e.g. congenital defect
Circulation of organisms allows them to reach distant sites e.g. heart valve
Invasion can occur especially if valve tissue is abnormal e.g. congenital defect
endocarditis
64 of 84
Diseases of bowel especially colon e.g.Cancer, Diverticular disease.
Perforation of bowel wall leads to contamination of abdominal cavity with faecal flora
Severe life-threatening infection results
Perforation of bowel wall leads to contamination of abdominal cavity with faecal flora
Severe life-threatening infection results
peritonitis
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Bowel flora e.g. E.coli contaminates perineum
Gains access to urethra (easier in females)
Causes local infection
Spreads to bladder(cystitis) and beyond
Gains access to urethra (easier in females)
Causes local infection
Spreads to bladder(cystitis) and beyond
UTI
66 of 84
infectious dose
Minimum number of organisms required to produce disease
67 of 84
Severe watery diarrhoea – ‘rice water’
Bacteria produce toxin
Binds to gut lining cells(mucosa)
Secretory diarrhoea
Massive loss of fluid and electrolytes
Causes severe dehydration, kidney failure & death
Bacteria produce toxin
Binds to gut lining cells(mucosa)
Secretory diarrhoea
Massive loss of fluid and electrolytes
Causes severe dehydration, kidney failure & death
cholera
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which is not a host factor in infection?
toxins
69 of 84
Transmitted by Aedes mosquito
Fever & rash &muscle pain
Severe form: bleeding, shock &multi organ failure
Fever & rash &muscle pain
Severe form: bleeding, shock &multi organ failure
Dengue fever
70 of 84
which is not a barrier to infection?
Blood type
71 of 84
patients taking drugs to increase stomach pH for stomach ulcers are more susceptible to
food poisoning
72 of 84
neutrophils are elevated in
bacterial infections
73 of 84
lymphocytes are elevated in
viral infections
74 of 84
eosinophils are elevated in
parasitic infections
75 of 84
C-reactive protein (CRP) is a marker of what?
inflammation
76 of 84
U&E – urea and electrolyte levels are a marker of?
kidney function
77 of 84
LFT is a marker of
liver function
78 of 84
Hospitalised patients with suspected infection should have
blood +/- urine sent for culture
79 of 84
check for meningitis
lumbar puncture -cerebrospinal fluid
80 of 84
Legionnaire’s disease (pneumonia): urine test and Rapid Hepatitis B: blood test have what in common?
they are both antigen (protein) tests
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what antibody is detected in initial antibody response?
IgM
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which antibody is detected in later antibody response? (days 10-14)
IgG
83 of 84
what is the difference between supportive and specific therapy?
supportive deals with general symptom management. specific uses antimicrobial and a specific antibiotic.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Fleas is an example of ...
Back
insects
Card 3
Front
Malaria is an example of ...
Back
Card 4
Front
candida is an example of ...
Back
Card 5
Front
staphylococci is an example of ...
Back
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