Industrialisation and the People: Britain 1783 - 1885 AS section
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How many people had the vote in 1783?
250,000
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what was the debt in 1783?
£243 million
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when was the sink fund set up?
1786
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how much was put in the sink fund per year?
£1 million
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how much did the sink fund reduce the debt by?
£10 million
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what did the tax on tea change from and to when pitt was reducing tariffs?
117% to 25%
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when was the Consolidation Act?
1787
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what did the consolidation act do?
simplified duty tax on imports and exports
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when was the hovering act?
1787
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what did the hovering act do?
reduced smuggling by allowing ships to be searched within 4 miles off shore
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when was the free trade treaty?
1786
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what did the free trade treaty do?
both Britain and France reduced duties on imports from the other country
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what ended the free trade treaty?
the French revolution
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What did Pitt introduce taxes on in order to reduce debt?
luxury items (ribbon, perfume, horses, carriages, windows)
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who invented the power loom?
Edward Cartwright
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when was the power loom invented?
1789
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when was the first census?
1801
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what was the population in 1801?
10.5 million
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what was the population in 1811?
12 million
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what was the population in 1821?
14.1 million
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what was the population in 1831?
16.3 million
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what was the population in 1841?
18.5 million
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who made the water frame?
Arkwright's
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when was the water frame made?
1769
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who made the mule?
Samuel Crompton
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what was the output of pig iron in 1788?
68,000 tons
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what was the output of pig iron in 1804?
250,000 tons
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by 1800, how much food, on average, did each farm worker produce?
enough to feed 2.5 people
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in 1800, what percentage of the population were middle class?
25%
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what years were the wars with revolutionary France?
1793 - 1815
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what percentage of the workforce were children between 1783 - 1812?
20%
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When were the New Lanark Mills established?
1784
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when did bad harvests occur in the period 1783 - 1812?
1795-96 and 1799-00
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what was the peak price of grain per quatre in 1812?
£6.30
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Why did the price of corn rise between the 1790s to 1814?
lack of imports due to French revolution/war (imports needed due to poor harvests)
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what were friendly societies?
Groups of people to provide insurance for themselves and families in the case of sickness or death
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when was the friendly societies act?
1793
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what did the friendly societies act do?
gave friendly societies meetings legal and gave them the power to have their funds protected
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what were the corresponding societies?
meetings that discussed the events of the French revolution and the ideas of freedom and democracy
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when was the London Corresponding society set up?
1792
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who set up the London Corresponding society?
Thomas Hardy
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when were the Combinations Acts passed?
1799
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what did the Combinations Acts achieve?
banned working mens societies
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what year did the French revolution begin?
1789
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who wrote 'reflections on the french revolution' which condemned the events in France?
Edmund Burke
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what year was 'reflections on the French revolution' published?
1790
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what did Tom Paine write in response to 'reflections on the French Revolution'?
Rights of Man
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when was the 'Rights of man' published?
1791
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when was the French monarch executed?
1793
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which king was executed?
King Louis the 16th
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when was Habeas Corpus suspended?
1794
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What did the treasonable offences act achieve?
made it an offence to speak against the king
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when was the treasonable offences act?
1795
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when was the seditious meetings act passed?
1795
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what did the Aliens Act do?
Prevented French agents coming to Britain
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when was the Aliens Act passed?
1793
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when did Pitt introduce income tax?
1798
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when was the society of united irishmen formed?
1791
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when were the united irishmen and corresponding societies banned?
1799
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who formed the united irishmen?
Wolfe Tone
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when was the Catholic relief act?
1793
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what did the Catholic relief act achieve?
Gave the vote Catholics but didn't give them the right to become an MP
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when was the Orange order formed?
1795
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when was the Irish rebellion?
1798
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when was the act of union?
1800
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what was the main agitation between 1783 and 1804?
Food riots
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when was the Treaty of Amiens signed?
1802
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what years were Pitt's first ministry?
1783-1801
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what years was Addington Prime Minister?
1801 - 1804
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what did Addington introduce to help the war with France?
Income Tax
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when was Pitt's second ministry?
1804-1806
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what battle occurred in 1805
Battle of Trafalgar
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When were the Berlin Decrees?
1806
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what happened in the Berlin Decrees?
Naval Blockade
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when was gold standard suspended?
1797
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what was the national debt in 1801?
£456 million
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what was the debt in 1815?
£876 million
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when was the minimum wage bill rejected in Parliament?
1808
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when were the Luddites most prominent?
1811
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when was the war with the USA?
1812
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When was the Hampden club formed?
1812
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when was Lord Grenville prime minister?
1806-1807
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when was the Duke of Portland Primeminister?
1807-1809
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when was Spencer Percival Prime minister?
1809-1812
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when was the Prince of Wales made Prince Regent?
1811
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when was Lord Liverpool Prime Minister?
1812 to 1827
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when did the war with France end?
1815
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what battle ended the war with France?
Battle of Waterloo
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when was the queen's affair?
1820
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when did George IV become king?
1820
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Which politicians became prominent in Liverpool's cabinet during the liberal period?
Peel, Canning, Huskisson and Robinson
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when were the corn laws passed?
1815
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what was the price of corn set at under the corn laws?
80 shillings per quarter
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in the period 1812-1832, when was there a good harvest?
1813
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what had the price of wheat fallen to by 1816?
52 shillings 10 pence
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when was income tax abolished?
1816
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what was income tax replaced by?
tax on commodities (candles, beer, sugar and salt)
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when was Habeas corpus suspended for a second time?
1817
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why was Habeas Corpus introduced for a second time?
the kings carriage was attacked
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when were the six acts passed?
1819
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when was the truck act passed?
1819
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when was the factory act in the period 1812 - 1832?
1819
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when did the bank of England return to gold standard?
1819
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when were the combination acts?
1824
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what did the combination acts achieve?
allowed trade unions to have legal status
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when was the amending act?
1825
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what did the amending act achieve?
Reversed the combination acts
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when were Peel's penal code reforms?
1824
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what level was coal production at in 1815?
16 million tons
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what level was coal production at in 1830?
30 million tons
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what percentage of the industrial workforce worked in the cotton industry by the 1830s?
30%
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what percentage of British exports did cotton make up?
70%
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how many power looms were in cloth production in 1803?
2,400
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how many power looms were in cloth production in the 1830s?
100,000
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when was the Liverpool to manchester line opened?
1830
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when was the threshing machine invented?
1778
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the budgets of 1824 and 1825 were the first to introduce what?
free trade
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when was the bank act?
1826
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what event was the bank act in response to?
an economic downturn, where businesses went bankrupt
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what did the bank act do?
allowed banks other than the bank of England to manage joint stocks
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what was the population of Liverpool in 1801?
82,000
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what was the population of Liverpool in 1831?
202,000
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what were working hours between 1812 and 1832?
16 hours a day 6 days a week
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how much were hand loom weavers earning before industrialisation?
20 shillings a week
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how much were hand loom weavers earning by 1830, after mechanisation had begun?
6 shillings
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when were the Hampden Clubs formed?
1811
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who formed the Hampden Clubs?
Sir Francis Burdett (radical MP)
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what were the Hampden clubs?
a group of radical MPs
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why were the Hampden clubs unsuccessful
members had their own individual interests and didn't work together
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when were the spa field riots?
1816
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why was Spa fields a disaster?
the crowd started fighting
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when was the march of the Blanketeers?
1817
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where did the Blanketeers march from?
Manchester
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when was the st Peter's field massacre (Peterloo)?
1819
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what was the St Peter's field meeting in reaction to?
employers refusing to agree on a legal minimum wage and wanting reform
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How many people were killed at Peterloo?
11
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when were the swing riots?
late 1820s
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when did the issue of slavery resurface after the abolition of the slave trade in 1807?
1815 after the war with France
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when was the anti-slavery society formed?
1823
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who formed the anti-slavery society?
Wilberforce and Buxton
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how much did slave owners argue a healthy slave was worth?
£50
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who established Methodism?
John Wesley
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what did the toleration act do?
gave methodists legal protection to worship
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when was the Birmingham Political Union set up? (BPU)
1829
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who set up the BPU?
Thomas Attwood
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what did the BPU campaign for?
the Reform bill to pass
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Did the BPU use violence to get what they wanted?
no
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when was Canning Prime Minister?
1827
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When was Goderich Prime Minister?
1827-1828
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when was Wellington Prime Minister?
1828-1830
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when was the Catholic emancipation act passed?
1829
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which Irish Radical did Wellington allow to sit in Parliament and thus forced Catholic Emancipation?
Daniel O'Connell
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when did William IV become King?
1830
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when were the test and corporations acts repealed?
1828
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what did the repeal of the Test and corporations act do?
lifted restrictions on nonconformists holding office
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when was the metropolitan police act?
1829
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when were the days of may?
1832
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What were the Days of May in protest of?
In protest about the reform act failing in Parliament
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when was the great reform act passed?
1832
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How many people could vote after the 1832 reform act?
1/6
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other than extending the franchise, what else did the reform act achieve?
redistribution of seats (some pocket and rotten boroughs redistributed)
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
what was the debt in 1783?
Back
£243 million
Card 3
Front
when was the sink fund set up?
Back
Card 4
Front
how much was put in the sink fund per year?
Back
Card 5
Front
how much did the sink fund reduce the debt by?
Back
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