introduction to immunology

1. Examples of bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoans and worms

1. Bacteria- staphylococcus, streptococcus, mycobacteria Viruses- polio, influenza, HIV Fungi- candida, aspergillus Protozoans- trypanosomes, malaria, plasmodium Worms- tapeworms, filaria, roundworms

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2. What are the 2 major immune systems?

2. Innate + adaptive

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3. Compare the immune systems

3. Innate: present at birth, responds rapidly, has no specificity and no memory Adaptive: slow to start, highly specific, has memory and can recognise of self and non self cells. It has humoral and cellular components

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4. What is the innate system made of?

4. Barriers, cells and soluble factors

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5. Give some examples of phagocytes and what do eosinophils do?

5. Monocytes, macrophages + neutrophils. Eosinophils- attack and destroy parasites

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6. What are antibodies and what are they produced by?

6. Specific proteins produced against pathogens. Produced by B lymphocytes

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7. What makes up the cellular immunity?

7. B and T lymphocytes

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8. What is the role of helper T cells and cytotoxic T cells?

8. Helper T cells: help B cells produce antibodies. Cytotoxic t cells : destroy own cells which have been infected

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9. Whats the role of the immune system ( the two roles)

9. Recognise and remove foreign invader

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10. What portion of the antigen is recognised?

10. The epitope/ antigenic determinant

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11. What are the different types of antigens

11. Proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, lipids, drugs like penicillin, inorganic molecules like nickel

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introduction to immunology

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