key figures russia

yuri andropov (1914- 84)

was promoted within the communist party during the 1930s and became soviet embassador to hungary in the mid 1950s. in 1967 he was appointed head of the KGB he advocated suppression of dissidents + anti soviet activety, promoted to politburo 1973

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lavrentiy beria (1899- 1953)

beria joined the communist party in 1917. organised stalins purges of georgian communist party in 1930s, became head of NKVD in 1938. beria = stalins most trusted allie. second world war organised mass deportaion and executions,executed in 1953

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leonid brezhev (1906-81)

born in ukraine, joined party in 1929. during great terror recived promotions, 1952 stalin promoted him to politburo. 1962 - ctritical of krushchev and plot to remove him 1964, heart attack 1975 and had poor health for rest of life

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nikolai bukharin (1888-1938)

commited communist, one of youngest party members to play key role in lenin gov. 1925-1928 was the most prominant figure in soviet gov. respected and trustworthy communist, 1925 formed alliance with stalin, known as duumvirate. executed by stalin

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konstantin chernenko (1911-85)

born into working class family. joined komsomol in 1929 and the party in 1931. became friends with brezhnev in late 1940 and gained high office following krushchev fall. front runners to replace brezhnev on his death 1982. became leader 1984

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mikhail gorbachev (1931-)

last leader of soviet union, his goal was to reform comunisum to make it more sucessful, played a key role in ending the cold war, in causing the break up of the eastern bloc and in the collpase of ussr

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nikita krushchev (1894- 1971)

was a miner in ukraine, joined party in 1918, he was elected to central committe in 1934 and became leader of communist party in ukraine in 1935. poor background made him popular. resonsible for destalinisation of soviet union, removed power 1964

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sergei kirov (1886-1934)

born into power, leading member of communist party in the 1920s. he was stalinist who supported collectivisation, the five year plans and use of political terror. stalin saw him as a political rival.

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vladimir lenin (1870-1924)

marxist revolutionary, journarlist and interlectual, became leader of bolsheviks after a split in the democratic party in 1903. led the communist to seize power in 1917, led them to victory in 1917

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vyacheslav molotov (1890- 1986)

a commited memeber of communist party, molotov supported stalins key policies in 1920s and 1930s. played a central role in the soviet fov 1930-56. was critical of reforms under khruschev

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joseph stalin (1878- 1953)

born into poor georgian family. educated in a church school. joined bolsheviks in 1903. forced into exile by tsar secret police during revolutionary activty. was a memeber of lenins first politburo and played major role in gov under lenin

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leon trotsky )1879- 1940)

marxist revolutionary, journalist and interlectual, fame as revolutionary leader of st petersburg soviet in 1905. joined communits in 1917 and played leading role in lenin gov. leadership of red army during civil war. forced out of party 1928

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boris yeltsin (1931-2007)

first president of russian federation after fall of soviet union. joined communist party 1960s. 1985- 1987 supporter of gorbachevs reforms. resigned from the politburo in 1987 key role in destrcution of soviet union

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grigory zinoviev (1883-1936)

committed communist, was lenins closest friends between 1902-1917. emerged as front runner to lead the soviet union in 1923. 1923-1925 he led the triumvirate an allicence of himself, kamenev and stalin which rulled soviet union.executed show trial

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