an increase in some measured quantity such as height or weight
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Development
complex changes including an increase in skills, abilities and capabilities
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Centile lines (percentiles)
line on a graph used to show avarage measurements of height, weight, and head circumference. The lines represent the values of the measurement taking into account age and sex
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Developmental norms
a description of an average set of expectations with respect to a young child's development. For example, by the age of 12 months a child has the ability to stand alone
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Milestone
an ability achieved by most children by a certain age. It can involve PIES and communication skills, for example walking, sharing with others, expressing emotions, recognizing familiar sounds and talking
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Gross motor skills
large movements that involve using the large muscles of the body which are required for mobility, for example rolling over
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Fine motor skill
involve smaller movements that require more precise direction and use smaller muscles, for example picking up a pencil
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Adolescence
an important stage following the onset of puberty during which a young person develops form a child into an adult
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Concrete logical thinking
the ability to solve problems providing an individual can see or physically handle the issues involved
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Equilibrium
the state of cognitive balance when a child's experience is in line with what they understand
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Disequilibrium
a state of cognitive in balance between experience and what is understood
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Accommodation
Modifying schemas (concepts) in relation to new information and experiences
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Self-concept (sense of identity)
an awareness formed in early childhood of being an individual, a unique person and different from everyone else
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Stranger anxiety
when an infant becomes anxious and fearful around strangers
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Nature
genetic inheritance and other biological factors
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Nurture
the influence of external factors after conception such as social and environmental factors
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Maturation
a genetically programmed sequence of change, for example the onset of the menopause
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Positive reinforcement
the behavior is repeated because of personal satisfaction (intrinsic reinforcement) or rewards (extrinsic reinforcement)
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Negative reinforcement
the behavior is not repeated to avoid an unpleasant experience such as a lack of satisfaction or to avoid being told off
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Diathesis
a predisposition or vulnerability to mental disorder through abnormality of the brain or neuro transmitters
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Genetic predisposition
inherited genes that determine physical growth, development, health and appearance
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Events
while expected they may have a positive effect on a person's health and wellbeing
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Unpredictable events
events that happen unexpectedly and which may have serious physical and psychological effects on the individual . These effects can be positive or negative
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Cartilage
the soft tissue that protects the surface of the bone
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Vascular dementia
symptoms include dementia with language, memory and thought processes caused by problems in the blood supply to the brain, for example through stroke
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Enabler
someone who delivers person-centered care in domiciliary (home) setting, which encourages Independence
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Development
Back
complex changes including an increase in skills, abilities and capabilities
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