The format in which information is stored in the various memory stores. The three main ways in which information can be coded: visual, acoustic and semantic
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Capacity
how much information can be stored
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Duration
the period of time information can last in the memory stores
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Episodic Memory
a long term memory store for personal events. It includes memories of when the events occurred and of the people, objects, places and behaviours involved. Memories from this store have to be retrieved consciously and with effort
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Semantic Memory
a long term memory store for the knowledge of the world. This includes facts and our knowledge of what words and concepts mean. These memories also need to be recalled deliberately. These memories aren't 'time stamped'
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Procedural Memory
a long term memory store for our knowledge of how to do things. This includes our memories of learned skills. We usually recall these memories without conscious or deliberate effort. It is difficult to explain these skills to others
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Episodic buffer
a temporary and general store for acoustic and visual information. It has a limited capacity and is a bridge between working memory and long term memory
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Proactive Interference
previously learnt information interferes with the new information you are trying to store. For example constantly thinking that $5 is the same value as £5 whilst on holiday in America
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Retroactive Interference
a new memory interferes with older ones. For example a keen netball player travelling while in possession in a basketball game
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Retrieval failure
a form of forgetting. It occurs when we don't have the necessary cues to access memory. The memory is available but not accessible unless a suitable cue's provided
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Cue
a 'trigger' of information that allows us to access a memory. Such cues may be meaningful or may be indirectly linked by being encoded at the time of learning
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Eyewitness Testimony
the ability of people to remember the details of events, such as accidents and crimes, which they themselves observed. Accuracy of EWT can be affected by factors such as misleading information, leading questions and anxiety
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Misleading Information
incorrect information given to the eyewitness usually after the event. It can take many forms, such as leading questions and post-event discussion between co-witnesses and/or other people
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Leading Questions
a question which, because of the way it is phrased, suggests a certain answer. For example: 'Was the knife in the accused's left hand?'. This suggests the answer is 'left-hand'
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Cognitive Interview
a method of interviewing eyewitness to help them retrieve more accurate memories
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
how much information can be stored
Back
Capacity
Card 3
Front
the period of time information can last in the memory stores
Back
Card 4
Front
a long term memory store for personal events. It includes memories of when the events occurred and of the people, objects, places and behaviours involved. Memories from this store have to be retrieved consciously and with effort
Back
Card 5
Front
a long term memory store for the knowledge of the world. This includes facts and our knowledge of what words and concepts mean. These memories also need to be recalled deliberately. These memories aren't 'time stamped'
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