kidney 6

?
what is the optimum pH for enzymes
7.35-7.45 or 35-45 nM H+
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How do we gain pH
H+ from CO2. 2.production of nonvolatile acids from metabolism of proteins etc. 3. gain H+ due to loss of bicarbonate in diarrhea. 4. Gain due to bicarbonate loss in urine.
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how do we lose pH
using H in metabolism of organic anions. 2. loss in vomit. 3, loss in urine. 4.hyperventilation
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what is the most important buffer
H2CO3
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pH=
conc HCO3-/pCO2 and pk-log[HCO3-]/[H2CO3]
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what does a rise in PCO2 cause?
increase repiration to elimintate co2 from body
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where is bicarbonate reabsorbed?
PT, ascending LOH, cortical collecting ducts(intercalated cells) HCo3 into capillarty H+ into lumen. if hco2- in lumen the combines with H+ to form water and co2 which goes back into cell. if not bicarbondate in filtrate, H+ binds to HPO4 and is excr
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What happens to glutamine in CD cells?
taken in from lumen with Na+, glutamine slit into NH4+ and HCo3-. NH4+ actively transported out as Na+ in. HCO3- into capillary. NH4+ secreted.
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Respiratory acidosis
ph
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respiratory alkalosis
ph>7.45 HCO3- decreases as reacts with H+ to form CO2. reduce ventilation. reduce H+ secretion, so therefore HCO3- is secreted as less h+ to ensure it isnt.
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metabolic alkalosis
intercalate cell type b secrete hco3- into urine
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Card 2

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How do we gain pH

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H+ from CO2. 2.production of nonvolatile acids from metabolism of proteins etc. 3. gain H+ due to loss of bicarbonate in diarrhea. 4. Gain due to bicarbonate loss in urine.

Card 3

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how do we lose pH

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Card 4

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what is the most important buffer

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Card 5

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pH=

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