all individuals are born with natural rights that entitle them to the pursuit of happiness, liberty, the avoidence of pain. In a liberal state this translates to all individuals are equal under the law.
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FORMAL EQUALITY
equal status for all members of society regardless of social background
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EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY
liberals accept inequality is society is inevitable but recognise sombre born with unnatural privileges (social class) so liberals insist on equality of opportunity (education for all; destruction of privilege based on accident of birth
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SOCIAL CONTRACT
state is based on contract between government and the people - government to operate within the law and be held accountable; the people agree to obey these laws
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MERITOCRACY
inequality is natural in free society but in just society those with greater abilities/work ethic deserve more rewards than those who don't
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TOLERENCE
society should tolerate a wide range of ideas; beliefs; lifestyles and ethnicity
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LIMITED GOVERNMENT
government where powers of state are limited bylaw (usually in written or codified constitution)
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HARM PRINCIPLE
state is justified in interfering with individual freedom when preventing some individuals from harming others
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ENABLING STATE
state does not necessarily provide directly for people but creates conditions where people can help themselves (e.g. education provision for all
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NEGATIVE FREEDOM
freedom from interference
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POSITIVE FREEDOM
individuals can pursue the kind of life they have freely chosen
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KEYANESIANISM
john maynard keynes - rejects argument market is self - correcting naturally enclosed to reach state of equalibrium and state intervention is therefore necessary and justifies to prevent collapse of capitalism
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LAISSEZ FAIRE CAPITALISM
state's role in capitalism - capitalism nd wealth creation will enhance if state doesn't interfere in the markets
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JUSTICE
people are born equal and should have equal political rights and be equal before the law
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REASON
rationalisation - humans are rational and are capable of reason and logic
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NATURAL RIGHTS
all individuals are born with natural rights which entitle them to liberty, the pursuit happiness and the avoidance of pain
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UTILITARIANISM
individuals should decide what to do to provide the most happiness and least pain in a situation
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
equal status for all members of society regardless of social background
Back
FORMAL EQUALITY
Card 3
Front
liberals accept inequality is society is inevitable but recognise sombre born with unnatural privileges (social class) so liberals insist on equality of opportunity (education for all; destruction of privilege based on accident of birth
Back
Card 4
Front
state is based on contract between government and the people - government to operate within the law and be held accountable; the people agree to obey these laws
Back
Card 5
Front
inequality is natural in free society but in just society those with greater abilities/work ethic deserve more rewards than those who don't
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