Marxism Perspectives on Education

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  • Created by: jvmima
  • Created on: 12-03-18 18:48
Louis Althusser (1971)
ideological state apparatus and reproduction and legitimisation of social class inequality
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How does education form part of the ISA according to Althusser?
gov and teachers teach children rules that will help to keep them as passive and obedient workers who won't rebel
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How does the ISA result in class inequality?
The ISA reproduces class inequality by failing w-c students and teaching them to accept failure, and legitimates inequality by producing ideologies that disguise the true cause
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Evaluation of Althusser
school results are similar in socialist countries
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Bowles and Gintis (1976)
hidden curriculum, correspondence principle and the myth of meritocracy
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What is the correspondence principle?
the norms and values that children are taught in school correspond to the norms and values of workers thats are exploited by capitalism
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Bowles and Gintis - hierarchy of authority
hierarchy in school of head, teachers and students corresponds to hierarchy in workplace of CEO, managers and staff
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Bowles and Gintis - alienation
pupils lack control over education so feel education which is similar to workers lacking control of work and production
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Bowles and Gintis - extrinsic satisfaction
pupils work to get good grades and workers work to get paid wages
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Bowles and Gintis - fragmentation of knowledge
learning is fragmented into different subjects in school and there are divisions of labour in the workplace
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Bowles and Gintis - competition and division
competition amongst pupils to get best grades corresponds to division of staff into abilities/salaries
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Bowles and Gintis - supervision
those in lower streams are supervised more which corresponds to those with lower-skill at workplace being closer supervised
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Why do Bowles and Gintis believe there is a myth of meritocracy?
it legitimises social class inequality, people get treated differently based on family or social class background not their ability and justifies m-c privileges, suggesting they achieved success
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Evaluation of Bowles and Gintis
School doesn't reward creative thinking, out of date; now a 'child-centred' society and w-c students reject the hidden curriculum
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Paul Willis (1977)
counter school subculture
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What did Paul Willis study?
12 working class lads in a midlands secondary school
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How did the 'lads' form an anti-school subculture?
showed little interest in education by smoking, drinking and expressing strongly sexist and racist attitudes. also felt superior to conformist 'ear oles'
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What did Willis believe the lads were actively doing?
Willis thought the boys opposed to the norms and values taught in school and so they actively failed themselves by developing cultures of resistance
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What did this show about the education system?
the boys knew they were unlikely to get a desk job which showed the education system was failing to produce compliant workers for the capitalist system
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Evaluation of Paul Willis
unrepresentative as he only looked one set of boys and slightly out of date
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

How does education form part of the ISA according to Althusser?

Back

gov and teachers teach children rules that will help to keep them as passive and obedient workers who won't rebel

Card 3

Front

How does the ISA result in class inequality?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Evaluation of Althusser

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Bowles and Gintis (1976)

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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