MHC and transplant rejection

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  • Created by: hadar
  • Created on: 27-02-18 12:19
Where is MHC class I and II found?
MHC classI= on all cells except RBC's MHC class II= on APC's
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On what chromosome if HLA coded?
chromosome 6
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What T-cells respond to MHC class I+II?
MHC I= CD8+ T-cells MHCII= CD4+ T-cells
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Outline Positive and Negative selection to MHC restriction
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Draw out the 2 classes of MHC - know their composition
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What is allorecognition?
The ability of an individual organism to distinguish its own tissues from those of another.
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Define allogeneic
relating to or denoting tissues or cells which are genetically dissimilar and hence immunologically incompatible, although from individuals of the same species.
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Define autologous
(of cells or tissues) obtained from the same individual.
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What is the immunological synapse (draw it out)
between the APC and CD4+ T-cell
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Describe the direct and indirect pathway of an allogenic APC and autologous APC
draw out the diagram
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What are the effector functions when an allogeneic APC interacts with a CD4+ T-cell ?
1)antibody production through B-cell stimulation 2)cytotoxicity via CD8+ T-cells releasing perforin+ granzyme B 3)DTH via CD4+ T-cell activation releasing cytokines and activating macrophages
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How is HLA typed?
Serological – cell based Molecular Extraction of DNA Amplification Detection of sequence polymorphisms (i.e. tissue type) Hybridisation to probes Sequencing
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What is the need for HLA typing?/ why do it?
1)Less rejection episodes 2)Better graft survival 3)National kidney waiting lists 4)Less sensitisation 5)Establish relationships
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What are the 3 methods to detect antibodies?
1)Complement dependent cytotoxicity test (CDC) 2)Flow cytometry 3)HLA Beads
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Why would you detect antibodies?
sensitising events -- 1)previous transplant 2)pregnancy 3)blood transfusion
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Why is it important to detect/ screen for antibodies?
prevent hyper acute rejection
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What are the 3 types of rejection?
1) acute antibody mediated rejection 2)acute cellular rejection 3)chronic antibody mediated rejection
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Why do you get hyper acute rejection? (4)
1)preformed antibodies 2)xenograftrejection- Anti-Galα1-3Gal 3)ABO incompatible transplantation- ABO antibodies 4)HLA incompatible transplantation- anti-HLA
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Why do you preform a pre transplant crossmatch?
To avoid hyper acute rejection
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What is acute cellular rejections?
T-cell dependant --> Directed against foreign HLA molecules Effect of HLA mismatch Typically 7- 10 days after transplant
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

On what chromosome if HLA coded?

Back

chromosome 6

Card 3

Front

What T-cells respond to MHC class I+II?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Outline Positive and Negative selection to MHC restriction

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Draw out the 2 classes of MHC - know their composition

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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