Number Systems

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What are natural numbers?
A positive whole number including zero. For example, 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9
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What are integer numbers?
Any whole positive or negative number including zero. For example, -3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3
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What are rational numbers?
Any number that can be expressed as a fraction or ratio of integers. For example 1/2, 5/5, 8/8.
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Why does diving by zero create an undefined result?
Because it isn't possible to to define how many times 0 goes into a number.
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What are irrational numbers?
A number that cannot be represented as a fraction or ratio as the decimal form will contain infinite repeating values. For example, Pi, square root of 2.
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What are real numbers?
Any positive or negative number with or without a fractional part. For example, 0.1,0.01.
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What are ordinal numbers?
A number used to identify position relative to others. For example, first, second, third.
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What are cardinal numbers?
A number that identifies the size of something. For example, out of 20 in a test.
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What type of numbers would you use for counting objects and why?
Natural Numbers. This is because you only need whole positive numbers.
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Why is there so many different kinds of numbers? Give an example to explain your reasoning.
We use differnt types of numbers in different ways depending on the task - counting or measurement. For example, when measuring using real numbers as it could be positive, negative and/or have a fractional part.
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Give two examples of when natural numbers would be used in programming.
1. A counter may be used to keep track of how many times a loop statement is repeated. 2. the program counter in the processor keeps track of which instruction needs to be processed next.
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Give two examples of when natural numbers would be used in programming.
1. A natural number is used to identify the location of data within a data structure. 2. a variable may be set up to keep count e.g. score in a game.
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Give two examples of when real numbers may be used in programming.
1. CNC machines handle measurememnts that vary from millimetres to metres and must work to a high degree of accuracy. 2. Microwave cookers control and measure time and temperature.
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Give two examples of when real numbers may be used in programming.
1. Power sattions use data control systems to optimise the production of electricity. 2. Robotics engineers use real-time measurements of the environment in which the robot is working.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Any whole positive or negative number including zero. For example, -3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3

Back

What are integer numbers?

Card 3

Front

Any number that can be expressed as a fraction or ratio of integers. For example 1/2, 5/5, 8/8.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Because it isn't possible to to define how many times 0 goes into a number.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

A number that cannot be represented as a fraction or ratio as the decimal form will contain infinite repeating values. For example, Pi, square root of 2.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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