Physics one
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- Created by: Molly Cook
- Created on: 02-12-12 14:47
What order do the planets go in?
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune, Pluto
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What type of orbit do planets follow?
Circular
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What type of orbit to commets follow?
Eliptical
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Give two desciptions of a commet
They are alot smaller than planets. They dont have tails of fire, but the surface of the commet is blasted off by the suns rays. (tails point away from the sun.)
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What is an orrery?
Mechanical model used to predict planetary movement and position.
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What is a geostationary satellite used for?
Media. Sat Nav. Weather. Communications.
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What height are geo-stationary satellites at?
All at the same height
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How long is a geostationary satellites orbit?
24 hours
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What is a non geostationary satellite used for?
Military/spy work. Weather. Mapping. ISS.
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What is a non geostationary satellite orbit time?
Can be both longer and ahorter than 24 hours
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Where is a polar satellite situated?
Over both poles at a right angle to the equator.
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What is a polar satellite used for?
Mapping. Imagery.
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Who was Galileo?
One of the first to study the way objects fell to the Earth.
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What was Aristotles theory?
Heavier objects fall quicker that ligher objects.
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Does all mass create a gravitational field?
Yes
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What does all mass experience?
A force due to gravity.
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What is mass?
The amount of 'stuff' an object contains.
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What is weight?
The force due to gravity acting on an objects mass.
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What is the gravitational field strength on Earth?
10N/KG
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What is the equation for weight in Newtons?
Mass in KG x Gravitaional field strength in N/KG
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What happens to the suns rays as they get further from the sun?
They become more dispersed so the heat isnt as concentrated.
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Why doesnt Venus follow that pattern?
Because its atmosphere is very thick and has a lot of clouds creating a greenhouse effect. Its surface is very hot.
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What is energy carried by?
Electrons
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How do electrons gain energy?
By passing through power supplies.
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How do electron lose energy?
By passing through other components. E.G lamps.
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Define 'current'
A measure of the number of electrons passingthrough a point in the circuit.
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Define 'voltage'
A measure of the energy gained or lost by the electrons.
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Define 'resistance'
A measure of ow difficult it is for the electrons to move through a component.
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How is voltage measured?
Using a voltmeter in parallel to the component.
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How is current measured?
Using an ammeter with a component in a series circuit.
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What is voltage meausred in?
Volts
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What is Current measured in?
Amps/ I
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What is Ohms law?
Volltage= Current x Resistance
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How do you measure speed?
Speed= Distance / Time
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What is a thermistor?
A resistor whose resistance varies with temperature.
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What is it made from?
Semi-conductable material.
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What does it mean if theres a small resistance?
There are lots of free electrons.
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What does it mean if theres a large resistance?
Not many free electrons.
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When might a thermistor be used?
IN temperature sensitive circuits. E.G Fire alarms.
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On a distance time graph, what does a straight lin mean?
That a person is stationary
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Define 'displacement'
The distance travelled in a certain direction.
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Define 'velocity'
Speed in a particular direction.
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What is the equation regarding acceleration?
Final velocity - intial velocity / Time
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What is the equation regarding moments?
Moment= force x perpendicular distance from pivot
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What is the equation regarding gradient?
gradient= force / extension
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Dife 'elastic'
The object/material returns to its original shape when force is removed.
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Define 'plastic'
The object doesnt return to its original shape when force is removed
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In a distance time graph what does A. straight line represent? B. the gradient represent?
A. Constant speed B. Speed (steep=fast)
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What is the equation to find average speed?
Total dsiatnce travelled / Total time taken
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Define 'unbalanced force'
When one force is not equally opposed by another.
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What two forces do object falling through the air experience?
Gravity and the opposing drag force.
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What is the equation to work out orbital speed?
Orbit distance / orbit time
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Waht is the equation to work out current?
Charge / time
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What is the equation to work out voltage?
Energy / Charge
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What is the equaiton to work out energy?
voltage x current x time
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Define 'fuse'
A safetly feaure of a plug.
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What two things does a fuse do?
Limit the amount of current flowing through an appliance. They melt of break if the current is too high.
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What does a.c stand for?
Alternating current from mains.
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What does d.c stand for?
Durect current from cells or batteries.
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What is a crcuit breaker?
A switch that opens when a current becomes too large, making the circuit incomplete. It can be reset when fault is corrected.
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What are the electricity hazards of frayed cables?
They can expose wires exposing electricity.
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What are the electricity hazards of long cables?
People could trip and appliance could fall.
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What are the electricity hazards of damaged plugs?
Could expose live wires.
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What are the electricity hazards of water around sockets?
Water is a conductor of electricity.
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What are the electricity hazards of metal around sockets?
Metal is a conductor of electricity.
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What are the safety feaures of insulation?
Prevents conduction if a wire is touched.
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What are the safety feaures of double insulation?
Covers all electrical parts of an appliance.
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What are the safety feaures of an earth wire?
Provides a low volatge alternative route for a current.
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What is the audible range?
The spread of frequencies that is higher than 20Hz and lower than 20000Hz`
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What does the loudness of a dound depend on?
The amplitude of the vibration.
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Define 'wave'
Transfer of energy.
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Define 'ampplitude'
Height of wave.
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Define 'period'
Time for one complete wave.
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Define 'frequency'
Number of waves per second
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Whats the equation to work out wave speed?
frequancy x wave length
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what is the equation to work out the speed of sound?
Frequency x wave length
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Define 'refraction'
The bending of a wave when it passes from one medium into another with different optical density.
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Define 'reflection'
When a ray of light strikes a plane mirror its felected so that the angle of incidents is equal to the angle of refletion.
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Define 'diffraction'
Waves bend around an object or spread out past gaps.
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Define 'incident angle'
The angle between incident ray and normal.
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Define 'refracted ray'
Angle between refracted ray and normal.
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What is the equation to work out the refractive index?
Speed of light in the vacuum / speed of light in a material
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What type of orbit do planets follow?
Back
Circular
Card 3
Front
What type of orbit to commets follow?
Back
Card 4
Front
Give two desciptions of a commet
Back
Card 5
Front
What is an orrery?
Back
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