14 showed afectionless psychopathy. 12 lacked maternal attachment. only 2 experienced afectionless psychopathy in control group
5 of 10
Gender bias
psychodynamic explanation believes females have a weaker superego, therefore, they are more prone to crime. Isn't backed by evidence/ official statistics.
6 of 10
Contradictory Evidence
offenders try to conceal crimes and so they dont have an unconscious desire for punishment. very little evidence that children without a same-sex paretn are less law-abiding
7 of 10
Unfalsifiable
The concepts are uncosncious and so aren't able to be tested through empirical means. pseudoscientific contributions.
8 of 10
Bowlby's metholodgical issues
researcher bias may have influenced participants. He didnt't distinguish between deprivation and privation.
9 of 10
Hilda Lewis
Interviewed 500 yound people, found no causal link between deprivation and delinquency. Maternal deprivation may not be the only reason for offending.
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